UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Level ECONOMICS Paper 4 Data Response and Essays (Supplement) Additional Materials: * 5 7 4 5 9 0 0 9 7 7 * 9708/42 May/June 2012 2 hours 15 minutes Answer Booklet/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Booklet‚ follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number‚ candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue
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with the reader; a statement that the school of Russian Formalism would disagree with. Eichenbaum‚ Schlovsky and other scholars would argue that the audience has little to no relation with the text and therefore‚ cannot be a vessel of meaning for a literary work. For formalists‚ the form of the literary work creates the meaning that readers desperately seek. However‚ there is another school of literary theory that would argue against the Formalist thought; the school of reader-response theory.
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Synopsis Feeling dissatisfied from the traditional approaches‚ I found shelter in Reader Response theory‚ which acknowledged not only my role as a reader in giving meaning to the text but also considered me a scholar who had the right and duty to stand in judgement on the text. In the first chapter the rise of English is traced‚ in order to approach the methods in the teaching of English which were employed when English was established as an academic subject in the universities of England‚ which
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The Free Rider as a Basis for Government Intervention by E. C. Pasour‚ Jr.* Department of Economics and Business‚ North Carolina State University The "free rider problem‚" arising from the fact that an individual may be able to obtain the benefits of a good without contributing to the cost‚ is discussed in a number of different contexts. In the case of a "public good" where the provider cannot exclude‚ a good which others provide for themselves will also be provided to the free rider. In the public
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Reader Response 1: Mother Tongue by Amy Tan Discusses the way she and her mother use English to communicate. Give specific examples from the reading to explain their interactions in English. The main purpose of this paper is to focus on the linguistic differences and the challenges of cultural translation as a barrier‚ on the other hand the power of storytelling as a bridge. Amy Tan wants to let the reader know that languages influence our lives. Tan discuses in the story the difference between the
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Connor Gallagher Mr. Dalton English Honors Freshmen 12 February 2013 The Romeo and Juliet Story Romeo and Juliet is a play created by Shakespeare a very long time ago‚ but this play has been adopted into many other movies‚ plays‚ songs‚ and even phrases. In class we watched Romeo and Juliet‚ West side story‚ and Princess Bride. These are all renditions of the original and are unique in their own way‚ West Side Story is a musical‚ Princess Bride is a medieval story‚ and Romeo and Juliet is a
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ROUGH RIDERS Ben Kerfoot 3/7/02 Per. 5 The Rough Riders were the most famous of all the units fighting in Cuba during the Spanish‚ American war. The Spanish‚ American war started by America wanting to expand their influence in the western hemisphere. To do that they would need to gain action politically or militarily in Cuba (a Spanish ruled country). The first battle of the war was The Battle of Manilla. Which
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Criticism VS Reader-Response Criticism What is more accurate‚ new criticism or reader response criticism? The answer is neither‚ seeing as both styles of critic views and analyzes the topic at hand and gives feedback. Though both styles offer feedback‚ they are different forms of feedback entirely. New criticism involves focusing on the material at hand‚ and not what it was meant to be perceived as‚ to judge the topic by every measurable feature possible. Reader response criticism is when a reader or a
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The Whale Rider By Witi Ihimaera Published May 2003 Kahu (Pai) is an eight year old Maori girl with a special gift. She can communicate with whales. She could be the leader her tribe needs‚ but her great-grandfather adheres strictly to Maori tradition which requires a male heir. He barely acknowledges her. The Whale Rider" tells the story of Kahu‚ a young girl in New Zealand struggling to find her place in her family and community. She craves the love of her great-grandfather‚ but he’s entirely
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Miriany Lalchand Reader’s Response Hold Tight Amy Bloom Content Author Text (glossary) Summary Literary Devices My Response References About the Author Amy Bloom (1953) American writer and psychotherapist Written two novels & three collections of short stories Nominee for the National Book Award & the National Book Critics Circle Award Creator‚ co-executive producer & head writer for TV series “State of Mind” Written for The New Yorker‚ Atlantic
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