Principles of X-ray Diffraction Diffraction effects are observed when electromagnetic radiation impinges on periodic structures with geometrical variations on the length scale of the wavelength of the radiation. The interatomic distances in crystals and molecules amount to 0.15–0.4 nm which correspond in the electromagnetic spectrum with the wavelength of x-rays having photon energies between 3 and 8 keV. Accordingly‚ phenomena like constructive and destructive interference should become observable
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there are two branches‚ hard and soft. Hard determinism‚ sees technology as developing independent from social concepts (politics‚ culture‚ economy) (Wyatt‚ 2008). Technology creates a set of powerful forces acting to regulate our social activity that we organize ourselves to meet the needs of technology and the outcome of this organization is beyond our control or we do not have the freedom to make a choice regarding the outcome (Smith‚ 1994). Soft determinism‚ is more passive in that it believes technology
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will allows us to think on our own. It lets us choose what we want to do. Our genes do not put thoughts into our head’s‚ they don’t force us to do good or evil. We have the free will to make those choices and to do what we want to do. Social determinism is the philosophy the all the decisions we make in the present and future are determined by everything that happened to you in your past. Your upbringing does not completely influence all of your decisions. Many people who grow up in the same families
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APL102: Materials Science and Engineering Minor Test I 28th. Aug. 2014 Maximum Marks 60 1 Why do we not have an end-centred tetragonal lattice? Consider both the cases of end centring: (a) centring of opposite square faces of the unit cell and (b) centring of opposite rectangular faces of the unit cell. 12 2 Draw a plane in a BCC unit cell . Show your choice of origin and axes. Include in your drawing all the close packed directions lying in this plane and give their Miller indices
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The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines philosophical determinism as “the belief that all events are caused by things that happened before them and that people have no real ability to make choices or control what happens; a theory or doctrine that acts of the will‚ occurrences in nature‚ or social or psychological phenomena are causally determined by preceding events or natural laws; a belief in predestination‚ the quality or state of being determined” (1). Does this mean that whatever action we make
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Philosophy Freedom vs. Determinism Jean Paul Sarte‚ who is a libertarian‚ says that “Man is nothing else but what he makes of himself”. He is fully responsible for his existence. Sarte is saying that man is shaped and made up of what he has done and what he will do. Sarte’s stance is there is no determinism‚ man is free‚ man is freedom. For example‚ a coward is responsible for being a coward. It’s not because he’s made up physiologically to be a coward but he’s like that because he made
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and accessories 5. To answer for damages in case of non-fulfillment B. Obligation to do (positive) 1. To perform the act agreed upon 2. To perform the act well C. Obligation no to do (negative) 1. Not to perform the act agreed upon 5. Reciprocal obligation- fruits and interest shall be deemed mutually compensated 6. Fortuitous event- any event which cannot be foreseen or which though forseen is inevitable. It can be act of man or act of God. Act of man meaning an event independent of
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Determinism of Oedipus Rex Mustafa Tursun The life of Oedipus Rex was about determinism over freewill‚ he lived a life that was filled with fate and not freewill‚ with no knowledge of his biological parents. Later on in his life (Oedipus) when he was the son of the king and queen of Corinth he went to the same oracle that prophesied Oedipus’ life‚ the oracle told him “he was destined to murder his father and marry his mother” (paragraph 3). At this moment Oedipus thought immediately of the king
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All human behaviour is determined Defined by scientific psychologists‚ determinism explains that all human behaviours are causal links from different factors‚ which in turn makes them predictable and that one has no real control over his/her own actions (Baumeister‚ 2008). A prominent forefather of psychology was one of the first to assert this claim using results from his research. Skinner (1984) beliefs that external stimuli and the resultant conditioning is all that govern ones behavior
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Free will and determinism have had major conflict‚ and the way people view each one has changed overtime. The way it has changed explains how it affects America today. People all have their own opinion and all believe in different things. One person might believe people have choices and the other believes everything that is going to happen in his or her life has already been planned ahead of time. Puritans‚ in the 16th and 17th centuries‚ believed in predestination‚ which means a person’s fate has
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