substances. One way is based on their pH. Substances may be * Acid 2. Base 3. Neutral INDICATORS This is a substance which is one color in and acid and another color in a base. Indicators can ten be used to test for the presence of acids or bases in a substance. Some are available in paper form (litmus) and others in liquid form (methyl orange). INDICATOR | COLOR IN ACID | COLOR IN BASE | LITMUS |
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Isolation of Trimyristin from Nutmeg and preparation of Myristic Acid from Trimyristin by Hydrolysis Introduction Over 40% of medicinal chemicals in the world were developed from isolation of the natural source. These sources were from fungi‚ plants‚ bacteria‚ animals‚ etc. The techniques used to isolate and purify has been by extraction‚ distillation‚ recrystallization‚ and chromatography. In this experiment we will be trying to obtain a pure organic compound from a natural source. Because this
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We performed two procedures in which we reduced methyl acetoacetate. For the first procedure we produced a racemic mixture of Methyl (S)-3-Hydroxyacetate and Methyl (R)-3-Hydroxyacetate. For the second we produced only one of the enantiomer products depending on which enantiomer of Tartaric Acid was used. A reduction is a reaction which generally means adding more carbon-hydrogen bonds to a compound. In a reduction reaction the oxidation number of a carbon atom decreases. The opposite is an oxidation
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SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ORANGE BATTERY (ENERGY DERIVED FROM ORANGES) Submitted By: GROUP 4 I – Alpha Centauri Leader: Jake Russell S. Arevalo Members: Iris A. Gervacio Shara Lyn R. Castrillo Mary Claire A. Malata Ivhan S. Sancho Submitted To: Teacher Hazel F. Solis TABLE OF CONTENTS I. ABSTRACT 2 II. INTRODUCTION 3 III. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 4 IV. METHODOLOGY 6 V. FINISHED PRODUCT 9 VI. CONCLUSION
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Esterification and Hydrolysis: Methyl Benzoate by Fisher Esterification Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Jingling Li 2/16/2014 Purpose of the experiment: To understand the mechanisms for Fisher esterification reactions as an equilibrium process and hydrolysis is the reversal reaction of esterification. Nitrate methyl benzoate by an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Summary of procedures: Add sulfuric acid to the mixture of benzoic and methanol‚ heat up the mixture to 65 oC
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Agent Orange and the Effects It Had Because of the Vietnam War Tasha S. Samuelu CBRN SLC Class 002/003-13 Abstract Agent Orange is a chemical agent that was used in the Vietnam War between the years of 1962 and 1971. Without any knowledge of the damage that it can cause‚ it was spread across the southern part of Vietnam. Aerial Spray used by airplanes and helicopters was how the agent was spread throughout Vietnam. After the spread of the agent throughout the vegetation‚ there were some
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Special Report Methyl ethyl ketone – A techno-commercial profile M ethyl ethyl ketone (MEK or 2-butanone) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH3. Its CAS number is 78-93-3. The colorless liquid ketone has a sharp‚ sweet odour of butterscotch and acetone. It is produced industrially on a large scale‚ and also occurs in trace amounts in nature. It is soluble in water and is commonly used as an industrial solvent. With natural and synthetic resins‚ MEK produces solutions with low viscosity
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BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND BASES 1. The Bronsted-Lowry definition There are many definitions of acids and bases in existence‚ but the most useful one is the Bronsted-Lowry definition: An acid is a substance which can behave as a proton (re presented as a hydrogen ion‚ H+) donor. Any substance which contains hydrogen bonded to a more electronegative element can thus behave as an acid: HCl == H+ + Cl- H2SO4 == H+ + HSO4- A base is a substance which can behave as a proton acceptor. Any
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the substitution of a proton with a functional group. The electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction nitration is used to nitrate methyl benzoate and acetanilide with a nitronium ion. Crystallization was used to purify the product. The melting point was used to determine its purity and the regiochemistry of the products. The methyl benzoate reaction product‚ methyl nitrobenzoate‚ was determined to be meta-substituted and the acetanilide reaction product‚ nitroacetanilide‚ was determined to be para-substituted
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becoming more and more acidic by everyday pollution from houses‚ factories‚ cars‚ and etc. This is the concept of acid rain‚ which according to EPA.gov is a broad term referring to a mixture of wet and dry deposition from the atmosphere containing higher than normal amounts of nitric and sulfuric acids. Acid rain isn’t just rain‚ its forms like hail or snow‚ which is wet deposition‚ and smoke or dust‚ which is dry deposition. The effects of acid rain are quite terrifying bringing all types of problems
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