electrophile is positively charged nucleophile is negatively charged Nitrogen and Oxygen with lone pairs are GREAT nucleophiles even better when charged) * Purify the Product * What purification technique will be used? 1. Recrystallization- Purify a crystal. Find a solvent that dissolves the crystals when boiling‚ and recrystallizes when cool. (The same solvent should not dissolve it when cold). A crystal is extremely organized‚
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represents 0.33% of the original mass of the two yolks. The cholesterol was then dissolved in ether and further purified by bromination with a bromine/acetic acid reagent and debromination with zinc powder‚ a series of aqueous washes‚ and a final recrystallization from methanol. Here‚ a yield of 28% was recovered from an initial mass of 100 mg of recrystallized material. The melting point of the off-white crystalline final product was 146-148 oC‚ which is very close to the literature value for cholesterol
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Introduction Table of Contents Introduction Materials Chemicals Equipment Safety Containers Measuring Devices Other Equipment Procedure Synthesis of Aspirin Crystalizing the Aspirin Recrystallizing the Crude Aspirin Finding the Melting Point Range Safety Precautions Acetic Anhydride Sulphuric and Salicylic Acid Heating Observations Mass of Aspirin Synthesized Melting Point Calculations Percentage Yield Maximum Yield Crude Product Final Product Melting Range Percentage
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sum up‚ As Cold rolling is a metalworking process it increases the strength and hardness of metal‚ such as Brass ‚ Copper and Aluminium in this experiment. A metal sheet or bar is passed through rollers at a controlled weight well under its recrystallization temperature‚ which is usually at room temperature. Although the cold rolling process increases the metal’s strength and hardness it will also decrease its ductility‚ which will result in a metal that is more prone to cracks and fractures.
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(Merck) or‚ albeit in slightly lower overall yield‚ by refluxing maleic anhydride and aniline in 12molar ratio in acetic acid (Method B) (Fig. 1). The experiment is operationally simple‚ requiring simply manual stirring‚ filtration‚ and recrystallization‚ readily available inexpensive reagents‚ and short reaction time. Thus‚ it is ideally suited to the students. The NMR and IR spectra of the compound 2 may he used to illustrate the geminal and vicinal couplings along with the effect of the
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Experiment VI: Oxidation of Isoborneol with Bleach Purpose: In this experiment‚ Green chemical procedures were applied to oxidize isoborneol to camphor using bleach (NaOCl)‚ rather than the tradition chromium-based oxidizing reagents. The camphor was then purified using the process of sublimation. Procedure: Using a 50-mL Erlenmeyer flask‚ 1.316 g (8.5 mmol) isoborneol and 1.0 mL (17 mmol) glacial acetic acid were stirred vigorously with a magnetic stir plate. A volume of 1.7 mL NaOCl
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saturated solution. Then the solution was covered by a perforated sheet and kept separately for slow evaporation without any disturbance at room temperature. The crystal growth condition was optimized and grown crystals were purified by successive recrystallization process. Due to the spontaneous nucleation‚ colorless single crystals were obtained in a period of 15 - 20 days. Figure 2 shows the photograph of as grown single crystal of MPN. The theoretical Bravais‚ Friedel‚ Connay and Harker (BFDH) morphological
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Engineering Materials Week 4 7.2 Consider two edge dislocations of opposite sign and having slip planes that are separated by several atomic distances. Briefly describe the defect that results when these two dislocations become aligned with each other. When the two edge dislocations become aligned‚ a planar region of vacancies will exist between the dislocations. 7.12 Consider a metal single crystal oriented such that normal to the slip plane and the slip direction are at angles 60 and 35 with the
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What are fossils? Fossils are the remains or marks of plants and animals that lived a very long time ago. They are usually found in rocks and stones. Fossils are important because they tell us a story about things that lived on the earth before us. What Things Become Fossils? Animals and plants become fossils. So do nests‚ eggs‚ footprints and even animal droppings! How are Fossils Made? Fossils are made from the hard parts of plants and animals‚ such as:-bark‚ seed cases‚ bones and
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The technique used to purify the aspirin content is called crystallization‚ which consists in allowing the reaction to cool‚ decreasing the solubility of acetylsalicyclic acid and allowing it to crystalize. To purify the product even more a recrystallization procedure will be performed. Since salicyclic acid is considered a phenol‚ a Ferric Chloride test (shows the presence of phenols by changing color from orange to different concentrations of purple‚ the darker it is the more concentration of phenol
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