Extraction of caffeine from tea bags ABSTRACT Caffeine extraction from the commercial tea leaves (Lipton Yellow Label Tea) that was done is multiple extraction. 4 tea bags were used in the experiment; tea leaves were weighed having 8.5333 grams. The leaves were boiled in a beaker with 150ml of water; the aqueous tea extract was transferred in a seperatory funnel mixed with DCM (20ml)‚ done thrice. The DCM layer was washed with 20ml 6M NaOH in the seperatory funnel; the organic layer was dried
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Introduction to Geology GEOL-101 Midterm 1 Review Based on the textbook: Understanding Earth‚ 6th Edition‚ by Grotzinger and Press CH 1: earth system Summary The human creative process‚ field and lab observations‚ and experiments help geoscientists formulate testable hypotheses (models) for how the Earth works and its history. A hypothesis is a tentative explanation focusing attention on plausible features and relationships of a working model. If a testable hypothesis is confirmed by a large
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Arene Molybdenum lab Introduction: Organometallic chemistry is the study of chemical compounds that contain carbon atoms bound to a metal atom. Organometallic compounds can contain main group elements‚ or more metallic elements such as zinc or carbon. These compounds tend to have carbon atoms bound to the metal center by σ-bonds. Alternatively‚ transition metals can be involved in the compound‚ which leads to a variety of interesting and diverse chemical characteristics. For example‚ a promising
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Solubility and Functional Groups _______________________________________________________ You will recall from general chemistry that a solution has two components: the solvent‚ which is the substance present in greater amount‚ and the solute‚ which is dissolved in the solvent. Solubility is defined as the mass (in grams) of solute dissolved in 100 g of solute at saturation. Molar solubility is defined as the amount (in moles) of solute per liter of saturated solution. The solubility of one compound
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Identification of an Unknown Organic Acid Chem 1211K Lab Drawer #15 Wednesday November 13th‚ 2013 Unknown Number: 3334025-CF13 Table of Contents Pg. # Abstract 3 Experimental Report 4-7 Results and Discussion 7-12 Conclusion 13 **pKa Graph 14 Abstract Identifying this organic acid was an extensive task that involved several different experiments. Firstly‚ the melting
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Class 1 Metallic bonding: Found in metals and alloys‚ 1‚ 2‚ or 3 valence electrons that are not bound to any particular atom in the solid. They drift throughout the entire metal. This results in a sea of electrons. These free electrons result in good electrical and heat conductivity. Coordination number is 8 or 12 (number of nearest neighbors). Ionic Bonding Found in compounds that are composed of both metallic and nonmetallic elements. Metallic element gives up valence electrons to the
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2012 Nelson Hudspeth‚ Ed Lapine‚ Thai Phi‚ Nevan Phillips Ton Dong A 4/1/2012 2012 Nelson Hudspeth‚ Ed Lapine‚ Thai Phi‚ Nevan Phillips Ton Dong A 4/1/2012 International Marketing Plan -Vietnamese Steel Industry International Marketing Plan -Vietnamese Steel Industry Executive Summary “Quality – Prestige – Sustainable Growth” is the motto of Ton Dong A. In order to assess the viability of expanding Tong-Dong A’s expansion into the United States market this analysis covers the Environmental
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http://www.ejchem.net ISSN: 0973-4945; CODEN ECJHAO E-Journal of Chemistry 2012‚ 9(2)‚ 980-987 Design‚ Synthesis and Docking Studies of a Novel Ciprofloxacin Analogue as an Antimicrobial AGENT S.JUBIE*‚ R. KALIRAJAN and PAVANKUMAR YADAV‚ Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry J.S.S. College of Pharmacy‚ off campus - JSS University‚ Mysore jubiejawahar@gmail.com Received 31 July 2011; Accepted 4 October 2011 Abstract: The carboxylic acid group of ciprofloxacin was modified and amino mercapto triazole
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Earth’s four spheres Hydrosphere - dynamic mass of liquid that is always on the move Oceans - the most prominent feature of the hydrosphere 71% of Earth’s surface is covered by ocean which is 97% of Earth’s water Only 3% is fresh water - streams‚ lakes‚ glaciers and underground supplies Water Cycle - constantly recycles water Atmosphere Provides us with the air we breathe Protects us from the sun’s intense heat and radiation Protects us from space Biosphere Includes all life on Earth Interacts and
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Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to synthesize triphenylmethanol from benzophenone and bromobenzene by the formation of a Grignard compound with the reagents bromobenzene and magnesium metal. The bromobenzene was first transformed into the Grignard compound and was then reacted with the benzophenone to make the final product. The mixture was then mixed with sulfuric acid and the organic layer was extracted via a separatory funnel. The mixture was then recrystallized from methanol and was allowed
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