services were significantly lower than nowadays. The quantity of produced goods and services within the state shows the GDP. But how to measure the total cost of living? To answer this question we need to find out how to turn dollar into consumer price index (a relevant unit which measures the overall cost of goods and services purchased by a customer) to be able to compare cost of living over the time. Inflation – situation when total cost of goods and services increases. In this way expenditures of
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pay a higher or a lower price for the same goods or services. Very often we use index numbers to indicate these changes. In Form 4‚ we have learnt about Index Number from Chapter 11 in Additional Mathematics. Do you know what exactly Index Number is? Well‚ an index number is an economic data figure reflecting price or quantity compared with a standard or base value. The base usually equals to 100 and the index number is usually expressed as 100 times the ratio to the base value. For example
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price as the reference value‚ the gasoline price index for 1998 is 195.1 What was the cost of a gallon of gas in 1988 Index number = value / reference value x 100 Reference value = 55.6 Reference value in dollars = 55.6 / 100 = 0.556 *divide price given in cents by 100 to find the price in dollars * value = reference value x index number / 100 Calculate the cost of a gallon of gas in 1998 1990 price = 1975 price x index number / 100 0.556 x 195.1 / 100
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of Labor Statistics made the first attempt to gather data on the cost of living in the United States‚ introducing the cost-of-living index. In 1944 the government changed the name of its measurement from the "cost-of-living index" to the "consumer price index" (CPI)‚ when a presidential committee made a comprehensive study and concluded that the cost-of-living index did not reflect all changes in living costs.” (US History Encyclopedia‚ 2010). The difference in currency can also affect the
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Every living organism has a physiological rhythm. Some animal rhythms span from about a day (circadian) and other animal rhythms span to about a year (circannual). A physiological rhythm could mean the temperature of the species‚ frequency of movement‚ brain activity‚ etc. Most animals are active during the day time and some are more active during the night (Erkert‚ 2008). For example‚ a monkey increases its muscular movement during the day making the monkey more of a daytime animal (Krilowicz and
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third index‚ the Marshall–Edgeworth index (named for economists Alfred Marshall and Francis Ysidro Edgeworth)‚ tries to overcome these problems of under- and overstatement by using the arithmetic means of the quantities: Marshall price index = ∑pnqo+∑pnqn ∑poqo+∑poqn * 100 Fisher’s index number: A fourth‚ the Fisher index (after the American economist Irving Fisher)‚ is calculated as the geometric mean of PP and PL: * 100 * 100 Fisher’s index is also
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Structure Conduct Performance EE481: Industrial Economics SCP and NEIO Dr. Wanwiphang Manachotphong Department of Economics‚ Thammasat University 6 Sep 2013 Dr. Wanwiphang Manachotphong EE481: SCP and NEIO Structure Conduct Performance Homework (Problem 1) Due Date: Friday 13 Sep‚ before 2pm at the BE office. Problem 1: Given the following travel requirements You have to take a flight from Bangkok to ChiangMai on Friday September 13th. AND You have to leave between 8:00
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I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who provided me the possibility to complete this report .Firstly‚ I would like to thank my additional mathematics teacher‚ Puan Rohana bt. Dalmen for her guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project and also for her support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents and family members for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped
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NOTES ON STRATEGY FRAMEWORK & MODEL By Taposh Dutta Roy http://www.slideshare.net/taposhdr/strategy-frameworksandmodels Author’s Note: Organization strategy is very important topic for aspiring managers‚ entrepreneurs‚ social entrepreneurs‚ analysts‚ consultants and business leader. This note is a collection of my leanings and readings from various sources. Special thanks. Prof. Gina Dokko of UC Davis’s GSM School of business‚ under whom I took the course and developed my understanding
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just above the forehead right behind the person’s bangs. Divide the section into three even pieces. Place the left section between the left index finger and thumb. Place the right section between the right index finger and thumb. Let the middle section lie flat against the head. Pull the right section over the middle section‚ and place it between the left index and middle fingers. This will begin to form your French braid. The next step is to lead with the right thumb and separate about a 1-inch-wide
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