Corrosion of reinforced concrete Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Corrosion 3 2.1 Chloride attack 4 2.2 Carbonation 5 3. Minimising corrosion 6 3.1 Metallic coatings 6 3.2 Cathodic protection 7 3.3 Other solutions 8 4. Conclusion 8 References 10 List of Figures 2.1 Chloride attack on reinforced concrete…………………………………………....4 2.2 Carbonation attack of RC due to poor concrete cover…………………………….5 3.1 How impressed current cathodic protection stops corrosion ……………………
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SAFE DESIGN OF SLABS‚ BEAMS AND FOUNDATIONIS REINFORCED AND POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE Reinforced Concrete Design Manual ISO SAF120108M4-Rev2 Berkeley‚ California‚ USA Version 12 December 2010 Copyright Copyright Computers & Structures‚ Inc.‚ 1978-2010 All rights reserved. The CSI Logo® is a registered trademark of Computers & Structures‚ Inc. SAFE and TM Watch & Learn are trademarks of Computers & Structures‚ Inc. Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems
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NCRETE [pic] [pic] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This project report presents a general preview of “WASTE WATER ENGINEERING”. It gives information of functions‚ types‚ Properties and some design aspects of construction. Regarding this report I would like to express my sincere gratitude of Prof. Amitava Ganguly for providing important information‚ guidelines and acquainting me with the relevant books‚ and websites
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Cantilever Beams This method stabilises existing wall foundations either internally or externally whichever the most appropriate. Two mini-piles are installed‚ one compression and one tension. A pocket is broken out into the existing wall and a reinforced concrete beam is cast linking the two piles. This system is used where traditional underpinning is not appropriate due to the existing foundations being deep‚ or that good-bearing strata is so deep that it is uneconomical to dig. (Depths greater
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STUDY Reinforced concrete is a strong‚ durable material that can be formed in too many varied shapes and sizes ranging from a simple rectangle column‚ to a slender curved dome or shell‚ its utility and versatility are achieved by combining the best features of concrete and steel. Its utility and versatility is achieved by combining the best features of concrete and steel. When combined‚ the steel is able to provide the tensile strength and probably some of the shear strength while the concrete‚ strong
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required to produce a concrete mixture based on the BRE Manual Design of concrete mixtures which is attached to this report. It is then used to produce concrete cubes and prisms. The objective of this experiment is to learn the methods of producing concrete and concrete characteristics as well as comparing the theoretical values of the concrete’s Young’s Modulus with experimental values. Procedure for concrete mix: A concrete mix was designed based on the BRE Manual Design of concrete mixtures. Then
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Earthquake Resistant Building Construction (ERBC)‚ With Reinforced Hollow Concrete Block Masonry (RHCBM) Technique Reinforcing the hollow concrete block Masonry‚ by taking advantage of hollow spaces of blocks CONCEPT Reinforced Hollow Concrete Block Masonry (RHCBM) elements are designed both as load bearing walls for gravity loads and also as shear walls for lateral seismic loads‚ to safely with stand earthquakes. This structural system of construction is known as shear wall – diaphragm
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SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ABSTRACT This report describes a compression test on concrete columns. The main aim of the tests was to illustrate the ultimate strength limit state of reinforced concrete columns in combined bending and compression and to demonstrate the influence of slenderness on the ultimate load capacity. Test methods are described. It was found that the concrete columns exhibited complicated behaviour‚ and had a squash load point of 342.7KN and moment at 0 KN.m
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differences between reinforced‚ prestressed and partially stressed concrete. These concrete reinforcing methods differ in the period they have been used. Reinforced concrete was developed by a nursery owner in Paris in 1867‚ Joseph Monier‚ applying it to practical use for the first time (Salmon & Wang‚ 2007). Prestressed concrete’s discovery dates back to the late 1800’s. Freyssinet was one of the first engineers who used this method and realised that‚ for this method‚ high quality concrete with very high
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Consolidation of plastic concrete is termed as compaction. In the process of compaction‚ efforts are only directed to reduce the voids in the compacted concrete. Compaction of concrete can be done either manually or mechanically. When it is done manually it is called hand compaction or tamping‚ and in second case it is termed as machine compaction. Hand compaction: Hand compaction is done with the help of steel tamping rods‚ or timber screeds. Marrow and deep members are compacted with tamping
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