ARE THERE UNIVERSAL MORAL REQUIREMENTS AND IS SOME MORALS UNIVESRALLY KNOWN AS WRONG? CHALLENGES TO RELATIVISM Heidi Derflinger SOC 120 June 13‚ 2011 ARE THERE UNIVERSAL MORAL REQUIREMENTS AND IS SOME MORALS UNIVERSALLY KNOWN AS WRONG? CHALLENGES TO RELATIVISM Imagine you are a philosopher/thinker‚ attending a conference where the following questions arise; Are there universal moral requirements? Are there some morals universally known as wrong? One philosopher‚ Lenn Goodman argues that there
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If Mackie’s argument is to succeed‚ it must prove that this supposed normative aspect has no existence within any act in itself‚ but has its origin in the agent of said act‚ and as such‚ all moral claims are false. Mackie’s exposition of moral relativism comes in the form of two main arguments‚ the first being his ‘argument from relativity’‚ the second‚ his ‘argument from queerness’. It is with the argument from relativity that I shall be here concerned. The argument from relativity is based around
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system to judge the culture. It is closely related to ethical relativism‚ which is to judge based on ethical grounds. Anthropologists who practice cultural relativism believe that all culture are worthy in their own right and are of equal value‚ and consider all cultures to be equally legitimate expressions of human existence‚ to be studied from a purely neutral perspective‚ even if it is conflicting with moral beliefs. Cultural relativism sees female circumcision of Maasai and Halloween celebration
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to deny it. What relativists usually claim‚ therefore‚ is not that all truth is relative‚ but that truth is relative in some important domain(s). By far the most common form of relativism is moral relativism. Like relativism generally‚ moral relativism comes in two major forms: moral subjectivism and cultural moral relativism. Moral subjectivism is the view that what is morally right and good for an individual‚ A‚ is whatever A believes is morally right and good. Thus‚ if Andy believes that premarital
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decision whether to shoot one Indian or let Pedro shoot all of them. What should Jim do? It is not sure what the right course of action is‚ but four different theories could help him decide. These theories are: the Divine Command theory‚ Cultural Relativism‚ Kantianism‚ and Utilitarianism. In this paper‚ I will present these four theories and their suggestions for Jim’s right course of action‚ the faults in these theories‚ and how Utilitarianism is morally correct in this case. Jim can use one of
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References: About.com. (n.d.). Retrieved December 16‚ 2011‚ from http://classiclit.about.com/od/tokillamockingbird/a/aa_tokill.htm Benedict‚ R. (1934). The Challenge of Cultural Relativism. In Rachels‚ nny (pp. 45 - 63). McGraw - Hill Primis. gotquestions.org. (2002 - 2011). Retrieved December 16‚ 2011‚ from http://www.gotquestions.org/cultural-relativism.html Lee‚ H. (1988). To Kill a Mockingbird. New York: Grand Central Publishing
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implications. The four perspectives on meta-ethics are objectivism‚ cultural relativism‚ subjective relativism and emotivism. Objectivists believe in honesty‚ justice‚ independent thinking as well as self-responsibility. Their moral principles are subjectively true and binding. However‚ there are exceptions. If a person is rationally incapable of recognizing moral principles‚ exceptions are made. Cultural relativism is the view that an action is morally right if one’s culture approves of it. However
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value systems at play. For our first Individual Work Worksheet‚ you will explore three values that you think are central to American culture. From there‚ let’s define ethnocentrism. Is it ethnocentric to be nationalistic? Finally‚ define cultural relativism. Are values culturally relative? Why/Why not? Please respond to all of the following prompts: 1. Explore three values that are central to American culture. What are the three values you would like to explore? Hard Work‚ Freedom‚ and Equality
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LENN GOODMAN RELATIVISM AND MORALITY ALETHAER F WOODY ASHFORD UNIVERSITY PROFESSOR: ALAN BARTON SOC120 INTRO ETHICS & SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JULY 15‚ 2013 LENN GOODMAN RELATIVISM AND MORALITY Moral decisions are made on the everyday aspects of life. A minority of moral decisions made are right and not all are wrong. In Relativism the idea that one’s beliefs and values are understood interns of one’s society‚ culture‚ or even one’s own individual values (Mosser‚ p.22).. There’s a possibility
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mostly verbal‚ which involve the use of words; while communication using gestures is non-verbal (ie. tone of voice‚ facial expression). To counter our tendency to use our own culture as a tool for judgment‚ we can practice cultural relativism. Practicing cultural relativism allows us to understand another culture on its own terms. We can analyze how the elements of culture fit together without judgment. Ethnocentrism - the tendency to use one’s own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other
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