PAYMENTS 3 2.2.0 FACTORS AFFECTING DIVIDEND POLICY 5 2.2.1 LEGAL RESTRAINTS 5 2.2.2 SHAREHOLDERS EXPECTATIONS 5 2.2.3 TAXATION 6 2.2.4 CASH-FLOW UNCERTAINTY 7 3.0 DIVIDEND POLICY RELEVANCY 8 3.1.0 EXPLANATIONS OF DIVIDEND RELEVANCE 8 3.1.1 THE BIRD-IN-THE-HAND EXPLANATION 8 3.1.2 THE SIGNALLING EXPLANATION 9 3.1.3 THE TAX-PREFERENCE EXPLANATION 10 3.1.4 THE AGENCY EXPLANATION 10 3.2.0 INDUSTRY INFLUENCE ON DIVIDEND POLICY 11 4.0 THE CLIENTELE EFFECT
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“You can chain me‚ you can torture me‚ you can even destroy this body‚ but you will never imprison my mind.” -- Mahatma Gandhi INTRODUCTION I write this project in spirit of modesty to talk about one of the greatest figures of history and the relevance of his principles in today‘s world. The memory of Mahatma Gandhi today‚ in India is reduced to rituals. His ideals are forgotten and much of what he stood for is remembered only in parts and misunderstood. Many young people brought up on modern ideas
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Relevance Of Philosophy Introduction Political Philosophy/Ethics/Logic and reasoning play a great deal in decision making‚ espescially in economic ones. Economic policy implemented by certain governments will be dependent on THEIR philosophy. As economics is all subjective. Conservative ideologies tends to keep taxes lower whereas liberal ideologies influence in taxing the rich more. I have found whilst learning about philosophy‚ that it is not a DIRECTLY pertinent subject like say architecture
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Relevance of Gandhi in the Global Economic Meltdown “An economics that inculcates Mammon worship‚ and enables the strong to amass wealth at the expense of the weak‚ is a false and dismal science. It spells death. True economics‚ on the other hand‚ stands for social justice; it promotes the good of all equally including the weakest‚ and is indispensable for decent life”. (Harijan‚ 9-10-1937‚ p.292) Early this year‚ on 7th January‚ 2009‚ Indians the world over‚ woke up to the shocking headlines
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To what extent is state sovereignty relevant in modern world politics? When in 1648 major European countries at the moment signed the Peace of Westphalia agreeing on respecting the territorial integrity‚ the first legal status of sovereignty and international system was formed. After more than three hundred years the international community declared the formal meaning and principles of sovereignty in one of the most important documents nowadays: the Charter of United Nations. The fundamental rights
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Since we have the tendency to follow the Americans at many levels‚ if we were to go by the Cambridge dictionary of American English‚ ’Design’ as a noun informally refers to a plan for the construction of an object (as in architectural blueprint‚ circuit diagrams and sewing patterns) while “to design” (verb) refers to making this plan. And as per the same dictionary‚ advertising is an example of a vital design discipline known as ’Communication Design’. But even the lexicographers would agree that
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Working as a team in a project environment is quite complex. The complexity increases when the number of members within group increases or project becomes bigger. There always will be issues within a team because people behave differently from each other and it is only a matter of time when the group will face their first issue. Issues will cause friction between team members which then will lead to time lost and low productivity. To become a winning team it was important to resolve any issues within
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* Relationship between couple; * Relationship between co-workers; * Relationship between families; * Relationship with yourself; and * Relationship with the world. We deal with relationship every day. The moment we wake up‚ we build a relationship with our family‚ our spouse‚ children and other family members. When we leave our house‚ we create a relationship with our neighbors and community. As we ride public transport or driving our car on the way to our destination‚ we form
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THE ACCOUNTING REVIEW Vol. 86‚ No. 6 2011 pp. 2075–2098 American Accounting Association DOI: 10.2308/accr-10134 Judging the Relevance of Fair Value for Financial Instruments Lisa Koonce The University of Texas at Austin Karen K. Nelson Rice University Catherine M. Shakespeare University of Michigan ABSTRACT: We conduct three experiments to test if investors’ views about fair value are contingent on whether the financial instrument in question is an asset or liability‚ whether
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Equity is still very relevant today- equitable rights‚ interests‚ and remedies remain important in law today. Equitable relief introduces injunctions in labor disputes‚ partitions of real property‚ specific performance of contracts‚ reformation of contracts‚ setting aside invalid wills‚ divorces and various other matters where the court orders something to be done other than entering a judgment for money damages. Concepts such as mortgages and Trusts are founded on the idea
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