different quality material from standard; Buying materials from a non‑usual source due to urgency; Utilising different labour from standard; Price changes due to economic conditions; scarcity of supplies; Choosing to incur additional discretionary fixed costs; More (or less) overtime hours used than budgeted. 2. Efficiency/usage/quantity variances: Standard is out of date‚ set without due care; Inefficient use of material/labour‚ deliberate or otherwise; Poor supervision/equipment/maintenance.Changes in
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budgets. 3. The costs of direct materials are classified as: A. Choice A B. Choice B C. Choice C D. Choice D 4. The three basic elements of manufacturing cost are direct materials‚ direct labor‚ and: A. cost of goods manufactured. B. cost of goods sold. C. work in process. D. manufacturing overhead. 5. 25. Prime cost consists of direct materials combined with: A. direct labor. B. manufacturing overhead. C. indirect materials. D. cost of goods manufactured.
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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are still relevant in today’s society. He’s 450 years old and yet‚ not only do we perform his plays but also‚ we recognize ourselves in them and continue to use phrases and words he coined in our everyday language. The plays have been performed in almost every language‚ on stage and screen and at popular festivals and theaters around the world. BBC
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Chapter 14 - Operational Performance Measurement: Sales and Direct-Cost Variances‚ and the Role of Nonfinancial Performance Measures 14-1 Pet Groom & Clean (PG&C) David Green is considering his operating statement for 2010‚ which is displayed in the table below. David is the manager of store number 88‚ where he began as one of the staff 6 years ago‚ and through hard work has risen to become manager of the store. The operating report shows his budgeted performance for the year and the actual results
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Cost is another component to assess when comparing two different modalities. It is an issue for many patients‚ as the patients are always concerned with the money required to use in the event where visitation to the hospital is inevitable. Cost-effectiveness in digital imaging comprises of direct and indirect effects (Sailer et al.‚ 2015). Hence‚ when accessing the cost-effectiveness‚ it is essential to understand that the imaging test must provide added value. Otero et al. (2008) state that the
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The Costs of Ego Manjur Ahmed Everyone has an ego. The overwhelming majority of us don’t have overinflated egos‚ but we’re all capable of letting our egos run rampant on occasion. When this happens‚ personal success and organization’s performance pay the price. Colin Luther Powell‚ a retired fourstar general in the US Army says “Don’t let your ego get too close to your position‚ so that if your position gets shot down‚ your ego doesn’t go with it “
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“The Crucible‚” a play by Arthur Miller later turned into a major Hollywood movie‚ explores the politics of fear‚ social norms‚ and the fight to recapture a man’s moral compass. Miller paints his story using the small tight knit community of Salem circa 1692 as his canvass‚ brilliantly weaving historical fact and fiction to portray a scenario not unlike events seen since. The infamous witch hunts of 1692 and wild accusations of a subversive culture that threatened to tear away at the fabric of
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Cost of Goods Checkpoint Cost of Goods Checkpoint A multi-step income statement for a trading business highlights the fact that between 40% and 60% of revenue from sales is accounted for as the cost of goods sold. The cost of goods attributed to a company’s products is expensed as the company sells these goods. There are several ways to calculate COGS but one of the more basic ways is to start with the beginning inventory for the period and add the total amount of purchases made during the
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Many people wonder if Shakespeare is still relevant in the 21st century. Think about this: the issues Shakespeare wrote about were issues that many people have to face in their lifetime and have remained unchanged. His themes are also timeless themes which means they will never go out of date they will be relevant forever. Shakespeare‚ therefore‚ is still very relevant and should be continued to be taught in high school. Shakespeare’s themes in his play are timeless‚ themes such as love‚ friendship
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