achieve the purpose of financial reports. We will look at the two fundamental characteristics relevance and faithful representation. Two enhancing characteristics understandability and comparability. Fundamental Characteristics Relevance Relevance‚ predictive and/or confirmatory value‚ and materiality. An example of relevance is the listing of useful lives of assets. Faithful Representation To be faithfully represented it must be complete‚ neutral and free from error. Explanations provided are an example
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Philippine Party-list Act‚ “the party-list system is a mechanism of proportional representation in the election of representatives to the House of Representatives from national‚ regional and sectoral parties or organizations or coalitions thereof registered with the Commission on Elections (COMELEC).” The rationale behind the emergence of the Philippine party-list system in the Philippine party politics is to provide representation to the marginalized and underrepresented sectors of the society ― a ‘democratizing
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Asses the main strengths and weaknesses of the electoral systems used in the UK. In the UK we use several different electoral systems‚ which all have their own strengths and weaknesses. These electoral systems are as follows; First-Past-The-Post which is used in general elections; List System‚ in the UK ‘Closed Regional List System’ which is used to elect members of the European parliament; AMS used in Scotland and Wales; STV used in Northern Ireland; And finally SV used for London Mayoral elections
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.............................................................................................................16 Women in parliaments........................................................................................................17 The representation of minority and marginal communities
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election. • Party list PR Party-list proportional representation systems are a family of voting systems emphasizing proportional representation (PR) in elections in which multiple candidates are elected through preferentially-ranked allocations (размещение) to an electoral list. • The single transferable vote The single transferable vote (STV) is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through preferential voting. • The Additional Member
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a plurality (i.e. not a majority) of votes cast. Main models include: Single Member Plurality; Multi-Member Plurality (also called Block Vote)‚ Majority-candidates are elected with a majority (i.e. more than 50%) of votes cast and Proportional Representation- candidates are elected based on the total percentage of votes cast for their party. Main models include: List; Mixed Member Proportional; Single Transferable Vote; Single Non-Transferable Vote; Parallel. The electoral system used in Barbados
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Critically review the arguments advanced for the adoption of the MMP system‚ and – in the context of the present review of MMP- for changes to the way in which MMP works. In 1993 New Zealanders voted in a referendum to change their voting system from First-Past-the-Post (FFP) to the MMP (Mixed Member Proportional) voting system. Since the adoption New Zealand has had seven MMP elections and although the system has widespread approval there are strong arguments both for and against the MMP system
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because of perceived effectiveness of voting in changing policy decisions (FairVote.org). The democratic nature of the U.S. electoral system can be ensured by implementing Proportional Representation instead of the “first past the post” system that encourages the formation of a two-party system. “Proportional Representation is an electoral system in which seats in a legislature are apportioned on a purely proportional basis‚ giving each party the share of seats that matches its share of the total vote”
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Choosing Electoral Systems: Proportional‚ Majoritarian and Mixed Systems Pippa Norris (Harvard University) For Contrasting Political Institutions special issue of the International Political Science Review Vol 18(3) July 1997: 297-312. edited by Jean Laponce and Bernard Saint-Jacques In the past‚ electoral systems have usually proved one of the most stable democratic institutions. Minor tinkering with the rules and regulations concerning the administration of elections has been common‚ including
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affected the balance of power among the parties‚ the implementation of principles of responsible government‚ and the practical dynamics of politics in Parliament: the decision made in 1948 that thereafter Senators would be elected by proportional representation. Electing Representatives and Senators The procedures for electing Australian Representatives and Senators are considerably more complicated than the procedures for electing
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