outside the Tsar’s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. However there were many factors in the build-up to revolution in 1905. Prior to 1905‚ disturbances in Russia could have been seen as quite rare. Russia was though suffering from a long period of repression and unrest. From the implementation of tsarism in Russia‚ the regimes had slowly developed into more of an autocratic establishment which implemented it’s will onto the people with lesser regard for human life and liberty. Since the 1860’s there
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to these questions. The foundations are laid out into five main parts‚ including short and long-term factors. The two main long-term factors being that the Tsar alienated many of the classes within Russia and his policy of non-reform led to repression. As these factors developed‚ other incidents became short-term factors. The failure in the Japanese War was a huge blow to Tsardom and undermined their ethos that Tsardom was the right regime for Russia and the political spring that came as the
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MODERN STUDY NOTES: TITLE SUBHEADING NOTES Decline and Fall of the Romanov Dynasty Nicholas II as an Autocrat Nicholas II: Weak and indecisive leader; gentle. Uneducated. Tsar refused to move with times; see changes and reforms. Close relations with Queen Victoria. Manipulated/Heavily influenced by wife Tsarina Alexandra. Austrian princess – granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Pressured Nicholas to preserve autocracy. Autocracy: Russian 1900’s – Tsar + family ruled completely – no democracy
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Questions and Anwers: Russia 1. What effect did the Decembrist Revolt had upon the character of Czarist rule? The rising of the Decembrist Russia was due to a momentary confusion over the succession. In 1825‚ Alexander I died suddenly. Alexander’s younger brother‚ Constantine‚ who was next in line‚ had no desire to assume the troublesome burden of ruling and unsettled and distrusted empire‚ so he renounced his right of succession in favour of his brother Nicholas. Nicholas‚ however‚ had been left
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freely-elected Constituent Assembly headed by Kerensky. Second in March 1918; he similarly push the Left Social Revolutionary party to withdraw from the new political assembly. Members of these two groups were labelled “Enemies of the People” and crushing repression started against them. Cheka‚ the Bolshevik police was particularly active to silence intellectual criticism expressed in opposition newspapers. Printing of these were suspended temporarily‚ a decision that became soon irreversible. In 1919‚ Lenin
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In the first decade of his reign he aimed at curbing the forces of sedition by augmenting the power of autocratic state. He introduced a new instrument of control and repression‚ which came to be known as Okhrana‚ that took over the duties undertaken by the Third Section and whose primary used was to serve as secret police that targets the educated: newspaper editors‚ teachers‚ university professors and students. In 1899
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How far did Witte improve and modernize the Russian economy? Before Witte came into power‚ Russia was in a state of crisis. Due to many factors (including the tsarist system‚ geography and lack of education and ingenuity) Russia was 500 years behind the western powers. Witte‚ as finance minister oversaw Russia’s transition economy from 1892 to 1903. Witte aimed for greater exports‚ ambitious industrialization‚ and large foreign loans. He hoped to modernize Russia and make it competitive with other
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Russian History 1881 – 1914 What was Russia like in 1881? • 82% of the population were illiterate peasant farmers. • No technology was used on farms – subsistence farming. • Largest standing army in Europe. • No political parties and the press was heavily censored. • Fierce loyalty to the Tsar – often enforced by brutal secret police. • Royalty owned most of the land – Tsar’s estate was larger than some countries. • 1861 – Tsar Alexander II freed
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two countries‚ which played a keep role in the wars creation‚ originated long before the events of the Cold War began to unfold. In February of 1917 the people of Russia had grown tired of its tsardom‚ and as a result the citizens rose against the Tsarist autocracy in a revolution allowing members of imperial parliament to form the Russian Provisional Government. While
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How significant was the First World War in bringing about the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II in March 1917? The abdication of the Tsar in 1917 is still talked about today; the reasons are still disputed to this day. There are three main views; the optimist view which states that Russia was on the right path but the First World War slipped Russia into revolution. This view is supported by A.Gerschenkron who says‚ “That in the absence of war‚ Russia could have continued in the road of progressive
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