Introduction to Software Defined Radios A. History B. Definition C. Basic Components II. Operating Principles of SDRs A. Ideal concept B. SDR Receiver Architecture a) Superheterodyne Receiver b) Digital Down Conversion C. SDR Transmitter Architecture a) Digital Up Conversion III. Common SDR Implementations IV. SDR Software V. Advantages and Trade-Offs in using SDRs A. Performance Parameters VI. Current Usage VII. SDRs of the Future References: l Software-defined radio‚ Wikipedia‚
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Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87‚ 88‚ and 106 (Issued 12/03) Summary This Statement revises employers’ disclosures about pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans. It does not change the measurement or recognition of those plans required by FASB Statements No. 87‚ Employers’ Accounting for Pensions‚ No. 88‚ Employers’ Accounting for Settlements and Curtailments of Defined Benefit Pension Plans and for Termination Benefits‚ and No. 106
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Abstract Software defined networking is a new concept that redefined the current network device architecture and the way they behave. Due to the exponential growth of the Internet and services attached to this worldwide infrastructure‚ a number of issues have cropped up in modern day networks. This paper discusses a few of these limitations and how the software defined networking approach tries to alleviate them. OpenFlow‚ released in the year 2008‚ is a commercially viable implementation of this
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Relevant Costs Defined Relevant costs possess two characteristics: (1) They are future costs and (2) They differ across alternatives. All pending decisions relate to the future; accordingly‚ only future costs can be relevant to decisions. However‚ to be relevant‚ a cost must not only be a future cost but must also differ from one alternative to another. If a future cost is the same for more than one alternative‚ then it has no effect on the decision. Such a cost is irrelevant. The
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question as to whether happiness is defined by money is often times brought up. Many people would argue that money does not create happiness‚ and rather make the argument that happiness is created through what you make out of your life. On the other hand‚ one could argue that happiness is related to monetary gains‚ and that the more money you have the happier you are. There are probably a hundred different thoughts on what happiness is‚ but happiness is truly defined as when someone acquires personal
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and pressures. This pattern certainly holds true in regards to financial reporting. The first financial reporting regulations were set in place during the Great Depression in reaction to the stock market collapse of 1929. These regulations were The Securities Act of 1933 and The Securities Exchange Act of 1934‚ which established the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and became the foundation for future financial reporting regulations. While addressing Congress‚ President Roosevelt said that the
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Organisational Marketing Defined: Any marketing activity that occurs between two organisations can be termed as organisational marketing. Another terminology gaining‚ popularity for organisational marketing since the 1980s is called business-to-business marketing (Gross et at.‚ 1993)‚ which essentially means the same. These activities differ from consumer marketing mainly due to the fact that in consumer marketing‚ the interaction is between organisations and individual consumers. However‚ the
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I. Cost behavior defined Module 4 Review Questions The left column lists several cost classifications. The right column presents short definitions of those costs. In the blank space beside each of the numbers in the right column‚ write the letter of the cost best described by the definition. A. Curvilinear cost B. Step-wise cost C. Fixed cost D. Mixed cost E. Variable cost F. Total Cost ___E_1. This cost increases in direct proportion to increases in volume; its amount is constant for each unit
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Business Cycle Defined The term business cycle refers to the rise and fall in economic activity over what can be several months or even years. These patterns of contraction and expansion occur around a long term growth trend of increased real gross domestic product. It was after World War II that the modern theory of business cycles came to its current evolution. (Sachese‚ Small & Small‚ 2009) Economists Arthur F. Burns and Wesley C. Mitchell have characterized business cycles in what many economists
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Consumer Promotions Defined 1 Consumer Promotions Defined Name OMM 615 Date Consumer Promotions Defined 2 In an effort to continue commerce‚ consumerism and capitalism businesses must be strategic and creative in enticing consumers to purchase products and services. Today consumer is bombarded with whimsical and seductive ploys to get their attention and buying power. Through the use of various mediums seven consumer promotions can be employed
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