double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into smaller fragments at specific points. They are a defence mechanism used by bacteria to cleave the DNA of invading viruses‚ thereby restricting their expression. The exploitation of restriction enzymes ability to cut large pieces of DNA into smaller fragments (called restriction fragments) and the highly specific way in which they do this has played a crucial role in the exponential advancement of biotechnology in recent decades. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific
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WHAT IS RECOMBINANT DNA So what is rDNA? It stands for Recombinant DNA. Before we get to the “r” part we need to understand DNA. DNA is the keeper of all the information needed to recreate an organism. All DNA is made up of a base consisting of sugar‚ phosphate and one nitrogen base. There are four nitrogen bases‚ adenine (A)‚ thymine (T)‚ guanine (G)‚ and cytosine (C).The nitrogen bases are found in pairs‚ with A & T and G & C paired together. The sequence of the nitrogen bases can be
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DNA Replication Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the genetic instructions for the biological development of a cellular form of life including some viruses. DNA is an antiparallel double helix molecule with sugar-phosphate backbone on the outer side and nitrogen bases in the inner side. The bases are paired specifically‚ also known as complementary pairing‚ Adenine (A) with Thymine (T)‚ and Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C) by two and three hydrogen bonds‚ respectively. DNA is a long polymer
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Associate Program Material DNA Worksheet Answer the following in at least 100 words: 1. Describe the structure of DNA? DNA is composed of two polynucleotide strands wound together into a structure known as a double helix. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar base .Nucleotides form together creating a sugar phosphate backbone to each strand. There are three forms of DNA that differ significantly. The most common‚ B form‚ is the structure most people have heard of. It consists of the right
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strands of DNA double helix are separated‚ each can serve as a template for the replication of a new complementary strand‚ producing two daughter molecules each of which contains two DNA strands with an antiparallel orientation. The enzymes involved in DNA replication process are template-directed polymerases that can synthesize the complementary sequence of each strand with extraordinary fidelity. This complex leads to the local denaturation and unwinding of an adjacent A + T rich region of DNA. The interaction
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 AIM: To perform isolation of the genomic DNA from the bacterial cell. REQUIREMENTS: Biological: Bacterial culture (DH5α) Chemical: Solution 1 - 10ml • Glucose (50mM) - 500μl • Tris-Cl (pH 8.0‚ 25mM) - 250μl • EDTA (pH 8.0‚ 10mM) - 200μ Solution 2 • SDS (1%) Phenol: chloroform: isoamylalcohol (25:24:1)‚ Absolute ethanol‚ 70% ethanol‚ Sterile distilled water Apparatus: Micropipettes‚ conical flask‚ measuring
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plasmid DNA and analysis of isolated plasmid Introduction: A plasmid is an autonomously replicating extra-chromosomal genetic element. In other words‚ this is a DNA molecule external to the bacterial chromosome that is able to replicate on its own and distribute its daughter molecules to daughter cells. You have successfully cloned a fragment of chromosomal DNA containing a tetracycline resistance cassette into a plasmid (pET11a). To this end you have (1) isolated total chromosomal DNA from your
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The DNA double helix model In 1953 James Watson and Francis Crick made a scientific breakthrough when they discovered the structure of DNA. From this structure they inferred that DNA contains information written in a genetic code‚ is passed from one generation to the next. This discovery was to be a key step in the genetics revolution DNA has four molecular building blocks called nucleotides; adenine (A)‚ thymine (T) guanine (G) and cytosine (C). Purine base always pairs (by hydrogen bonding) with
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Homework # 1 DNA 2. Name the four differences between RNA and DNA. 1) DNA is double stranded‚ RNA is single 2) DNA has Adenine‚ Guanine‚ Thiame‚ and Cytosine as nitro bases. With RNA‚ anywhere you would expect to see Thaime‚ you see Uracil instead. 3) DNA has no types‚ RNA has 3 types: mRNA‚ rRNA‚ and tRNA. 4) DNA and RNA have different sugars. 3. For the following DNS strand‚ provide the replicated strand : GATTACACATTAG CTAATGTGTAATC 4. For the following DNA sequence provide
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What role does DNA play in inheritance? - DNA is the genetic material of inheritance. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the body’s instruction manual for making who you are. DNA is present in any living being. You receive one -half of your DNA from your money and one-half from you Father. People with light eyes tend to carry recessive alleles of the major gene and people with dark eyes tend to carry the dominant alleles. Genes are located on rodlike structures called chromosomes that are found in the
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