CHAPTER ONE 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Electronics has so much improved to the extent of applying its use to the health sector. In Africa there has been a very high infection rate of the malaria parasite due to the breeding environment conducive for its reproduction available in almost in all regions.About 3.3 billion people half of the world ’s population are at risk of malaria. In 2010‚ there were about 219 million malaria cases (with an uncertainty range of 154 million to 289 million)
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CONVERSION AND SIMULATION OF VFOA TO CFOA DESIGN AND SIMULATION Abstract The need for high speed‚ wideband amplifiers was the driving force behind the development of the CFA. The CFA has significant advantages over VFA in terms of slew rate performance and inherently wide bandwidth. A faster slew rate will result in a quicker rise time‚ lower slew-induced distortion and nonlinearity and a wide range of signal frequency response. This paper provides a review of the Op-amp theory and a deep analysis
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Theory CONDUCTORS‚ INSULATORS AND CONDUCTIVITY Conduction of electricity in electric circuits takes place due to the presence of excess electrons in materials called conductors. Electrons move in the direction in which the potential has been applied. The ability of a conductor to conduct electricity is directly proportional to the material’s area of cross section and inversely proportional to its length. Where‚ G is conductance σ is conductivity A is area of cross section
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system manual works are removed. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights under illumination by sunlight. This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because now-a-days the manually operated street lights are not switched off properly even the sunlight comes and also
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INTRODUCTION A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all the alternating current components in an alternating supply and make it purely a direct current. The two alternating halves of an alternation current are rectified in a full wave rectifier which is an advantage over a half wave rectifier. Most of electronic devices cannot withstand very high voltage or alternating current due to its intense high power. The use of batteries in all devices is not practical as their replacement
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Specifically‚ what is the funcction of the PARAMETER/SPECIAL element? Also‚ what type of simluation was run? What were the start/stop resistor values? What was the step size‚ and was it linearly or logarithmically varied? Comment about the line fit in Excel (or whatever software was used to perform the linear regression). 1.3.1 Theory: PSPICE Simulation Varying Load Circuit In this section
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various applications. The present technique is a non-bridge fundamental time based measurement which is useful for capacitance measurement. 1.2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The Capacitance meter is based on the basic relation of charging time through a resistor and uses a simple dedicated micro controller 89C51‚ with built in program for the Job. The “transducer” which measures the capacitance is just the sensing of a bit of information relating to charging the capacitor to half the applied voltage‚ through
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Chapter 13 AC MEASUREMENT This chapter explains rectification for measurement and rectifying instruments. Knowledge of the circuit principles will help you use these instruments properly and measurements alternating current correctly. One of the most common and economical methods for measuring alternating currents is to rectify these currents and read the resultant DC on an analog or digital volt-ohm meter (VOM). You need to take many considerations into account when using rectification: what
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time it took to fill a beaker. To ensure a more accurate sample‚ twenty measurements of each section were obtained. For the batch measurement portion of this lab‚ a multi-meter was used to measure the resistance in a pack of ten resistors. Each member measured the resistors twice to allow for more precise statistical analysis. After all measurements were recorded‚ statistical analysis such as mean‚ standard deviation‚ and true mean range with 90%‚ 95%‚ and 99% confidence intervals were used to
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First Edition‚ last update January 18‚ 2010 2 Lessons In Electric Circuits‚ Volume VI – Experiments By Tony R. Kuphaldt First Edition‚ last update January 18‚ 2010 i c 2002-2011‚ Tony R. Kuphaldt This book is published under the terms and conditions of the Design Science License. These terms and conditions allow for free copying‚ distribution‚ and/or modification of this document by the general public. The full Design Science License text is included in the last chapter. As an open
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