ESTIMATING THE RISK PREMIUM USING HISTORICAL DATA: A CASE OF THE NSE Introduction This study seeks to estimate the risk premium of a company using historical data. Analysts use historical data to estimate the risk premium of a company’s equity. This is because the historical data is readily available from the company’s financial statements and the securities exchanges for example the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) in Kenya. Historical market data can be used to compute average returns and a measure
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minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time. Then Free Market is a summary term for an array of exchange that takes place in society. Each exchange is a voluntary agreement between two parties who trade in the form of goods and services. A market economy based on supply and demand with little or no government control. A completely free market is an idealized form of a market economy where buyers and seller are allowed to transact
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Maintaining a Balance 1. Most organism are active in a limited temperature range The role of Enzymes in metabolism‚ their chemical composition and specificity on substrates Role of enzymes * Enzymes are organic catalysts. They are protein molecules that increase the rate of the reactions in living organisms. * Without enzymes‚ metabolic reactions at body temperatures would be too slow to produce sufficient energy to maintain life * Intracellular enzymes are used in the cells
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Under the conditions of perfect competition‚ a market will be allocatively effi cient as long as the fi rms in that market produce at the P=MC level of output. Price is a signal from buyers to sellers‚ and the price seen by fi rms signals the marginal benefi t of consumers in the market. If the price consumers pay for a product is greater than the marginal cost to fi rms of producing it‚ then the message being sent to producers is that more output is demanded. In the pursuit of profi ts
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establishment and the people who stay in it are called guests or clients. What is Revenue Management? Revenue Management is a technique to optimize the revenue earned from a fixed‚ perishable resource. The challenge is to sell the right resources to the right customer at the right time. Revenue Management implements the basic principles of supply and demand economics in a
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Revenue Recognition Policy (Note 2): A. Sale of goods Revenue Recognition According to the annual report ’s financial statement notes‚ CV Technologies (CVT) recognizes revenue when the title of goods is passed on to the customer‚ and when reasonable assurance exists regarding the measurement and collection of the consideration given. This means that once CVT ships its goods to their reliable customers‚ they will account for those goods as sold‚ and recognize the contract amount as revenue. This
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Expenditures and Revenues Matrix and Summary Monya L. Duncan AJS 522/Finance and Budgeting in Justice and Security November 25‚ 2013 Professor Michael Scott Expenditures and Revenues Matrix and Summary Introduction Lynch and Smith‚ 2004 state that‚ “A “budget” is a plan for the accomplishment of programs related to objectives and goals within a definite time period‚ including an estimate of resources required‚ together with an estimate of the resources available‚ usually compared with one
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Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets Expenditures‚ Revenues‚ and Budgets AJS 532 Expenditures‚ Revenue‚ and Budgets Budgeting is an important subfield of public administration (Tyer & Willand‚ 1997). A budget system balances expenditures and revenues (Smith & Lynch‚ 2004). In public budgeting‚ revenues are funded by sources. These such sources are fees and special assessment‚ lotteries‚ and public‚ and other miscellaneous revenue. Another important factor of budgeting
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Chapter 10 Auditing the Revenue Process SEC SAB101: Revenue recognition 1. 有persuasive evidence 有证据 2. Delivery occurred‚ service rendered，东西给了服务于需求 3. Price is fixed/determinable 价格固定 4. 有collectability钱收的回来 Fraud Risk in Revenue cycle: 欺诈风险 1. Side agreement: off-book‚ adjust record to entice customer 2. Channel stuffing: 填塞分销渠道，造成销售假象 inflate sales by forcing product through a distribution channel 3. Related party transaction: 实质重于形式原则substance over form是指企业应当按照交易或事项的经济实质进行会计核算，而不应当仅仅按照它们的法律形式作为会计核算的依据
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ACCOUNTING/291 Capital Expenditure vs Revenue Expenditure Carlos Flannigan XACC/291 Instructor: Tameka Johnson October2 ‚2014 Expenditures are unavoidable for any company to exist in the competitive market‚ to expand the business or to find new opportunities to open up beneficial business
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