is provided for general guidance only and on the understanding that it does not represent‚ and is not intended to be‚ advice. Whilst care has been taken in its preparation‚ it should not be used as a substitute for consultation with professional accounting‚ tax‚ legal or other advisors. Before making any decision or taking any action‚ you should consult with an appropriate specialist or professional. No warranty is given to the correctness of the information contained in this document‚ or its suitability
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sale discount = Net sales o Net sale – COGS = Gross profit o Sale discount + net sale= sale o Sale – net sale = sale dis o Net sale – gross profit= COGS New asset -> inventory Expense -> COGS Revenue -> sales Contra revenue (debit) – sale returns + allowances (debit) Sale discount (debit) Sale – sales return + allowance – sale discount = net sales Selling expenses: related to advertising and selling products including sales salaries‚ sales commissions
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1.1 Value Chain Analysis Applied to the Timber and Timber Products Industry. Exhibit 1.A below contains a depiction of the value chain. The links in the value chain are as follows: 1. Timber Tracts: Plant and maintain timber tracts (Weyerhaeuser) 2. Logging: Harvests timber (Weyerhaeuser) 3a. Sawmills: Cut timber into various grades of wood (Weyerhaeuser) 3b. Pulp and Paper Manufacturing: Grinds timber into pulp and converts the pulp into various grades of paper and
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Brand Recognition in relation to Brand Loyalty Introduction “Brands are the most valuable intangible asset for companies” claims Bayu Sutikno of the University of Gadjah Mada in Indonesia (2011‚ p.319). The world is filled with brands and everyone is trying to portray a message. It is the job of the consumer to decide what brand they prefer and what brand they do not care for. Likewise it is the job of the marketer to persuade the behavior of the 7 billion consumers in the world everyday.
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ASR - Automatic Speech Recognition Automatic speech recognition transformations of acoustic micro structure of speech signal into its implicit phonetic macro-structure. In other words‚ a speech recognition system is a speech-to-text conversion wherein the output of the system displays text corresponding to the recognized speech. Typology of ASR systems Several ASR systems can be developed‚ depending on: • Speaker-dependent vs. independent • Language constraints: o Isolated
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ACCOUNTING FOR INCOME TAXES F 1. Taxable income is a tax accounting term and is also referred to as income before taxes. F 2. Pretax financial income is the amount used to compute income taxes payable. T 3. Deferred tax expense is the increase in the deferred tax liability balance from the beginning to the end of the accounting period. T 4. A deferred tax liability represents the increase in taxes payable in future years as a result of taxable temporary differences existing at the end
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Accounting Presentation Group members The Accounting Information of The Personnel‚ procedures‚ devices‚ and System records used by an organization to develop accounting information and communicate that information to decision makers The accounting process Economic activities Actions (decisions) Accounting “links” decision makers with economic activities and with the results of their decisions. Decision makers Accounting information Types of Accounting
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‘Anagnorismos’ means ’recognition’‚ ’discovery’‚ or ’revelation’ not only of a person but also of what that person stood for and it is the critical moment in a Greek tragedy leading to the denouement of a story. In heroic myth‚ anagnorismos is the recognition of a hero at the end of his quest by other another person. A hero can experience anagnorismos by bringing back objects from his quest proving his heroic deed. For example‚ Perseus Polydectes recognizes that Perseus has accomplished the task
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Accounting: Topic 6: Analysis And Interpretation Of Financial Statements (Part 2) Capital Structure Analysis Proportion of debt financing relative to equity financing (=gearing or leverage) * Reflects the entity’s financing decisions * Investments in assets are funded externally by liabilities‚ or internally by owner’s as shown in accounting equation (A=L+OE) Debt to equity ratio: Total liabilities/ Total equity x 100=x% Debt ratio: Total liabilities/ Total asset x 100=x%
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Cost Accounting -- MIDTERM 1 1) Pointed Pencil company incurs the following costs in its manufacture of pencils. Classify each one of them according to one of the value chain functions: Functions: A) Research and Development B) Design of products‚ services‚ and processes. C) Production D) Marketing E) Distribution F) Customer Service G) Strategy and Administration ____ 1) Cost of wood used in manufacture of pencils. ____ 2) Cost of wood used in packing cartons to ship pencils. ____
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