2.3. Membranes and modules for forward osmosis: 2.3.1. FO Membranes Generally‚ any dense‚ non-porous‚ selectively permeable material can be used as a membrane for FO. Such membranes have been tested (in flat sheet and capillary configurations) in the past for various applications of FO. In early studies‚ the researchers applied various FO membrane materials‚ including bladders of pigs‚ cattle‚ and fish; collodion (nitrocellulose); rubber; porcelain; and goldbeaters’ skin [36]. By 1960‚ Loeb and
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transport of materials in three semi-permeable membranes: dialysis tubing‚ eggs‚ and onion cells. Background Information 1. Diffusion is the movement of solutes from high to low concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water from low to high concentration. Both refer to movement in/out of a cell‚ but osmosis refers specifically to water. 2. Isotonic‚ hypertonic‚ and hypotonic all refer to the comparison of concentrations of solutes in verses out of the cell. Isotonic is when the concentration in
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Akram Mohamed Professor Michael Zeugin English 102 9 April 2015 A Raisin in the Sun Each individual possesses a unique idea and mental image of their future. Victor Hugo once said‚ “There is nothing like dream to create the future”. Langston Hughes quotes in his poem‚ “What happens to a dream deferred”‚ “Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun … or does it explode?” Lorraine Hansberry derives the title of her play from this poem. Dreams are vital regardless of the various oppressive struggles one
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Osmosis Lab: Potatoes and Elodea Background Information: Cells have a need to regulate their internal environment. They need to be able to this because cells often find themselves in environments where the concentration of dissolved solids outside the cell is different from the number of dissolved solids inside the cell. Since the solids can not move across the membrane‚ the cell responds by moving water either into or out of the cell in an attempt to balance the number dissolved particles.
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Repo and reverse repo rate These are the rates which are used by reserve banks (RBI in India) to inject or absorb liquidity from banking system. Repo rate is the rate at which the RBI lends money to the commercial banks or the rate it which banks borrow money from RBI. When RBI increases repo rate borrowing from RBI becomes more expensive. RBI increases repo rate to make it more expensive for the banks to borrow money. If RBI reduces the repo rate means banks can borrow money at cheaper rates.
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Osmosis of a Potato cell. Hypothesis is that the potato in saltwater is going to show that it will break down the cells of the potato. Osmosis is the diffusion of a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane‚ from a solution of low solute concentration to a solution with high solute concentration‚ up a solute concentration gradient. Net movement of solvent is from the less-concentrated to the more-concentreated.‚ which tends to redure the difference in concentrations. This effect can be countered
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class average‚ there is evidence that osmosis did occur in the bags. The largest change in mass was in the 1.0M sucrose bag the mass went from 12g initially to 14.2g‚ this gained 2.2g‚ an 18.3% change in mass for the group data over the duration of the experiment. The 0.2M bag went from 10.2g to 10.9g a 6.9% change in mass; the 0.4M bag went from 12.1g to 12.2g .83% change in mass; the 0.8M bag went from 10.9g to 12.2g and an 11.9% change in mass. During osmosis water diffuses‚ going from an area
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Rate of Osmosis Investigation Lab Title: A simple heading referring to your investigation Abstract: Write this section last! It is a brief paragraph or 2 which outlines the purpose‚ the method‚ the pattern of results and the conclusion you reached. It is an overall snapshot of the whole investigation. Introduction: Purpose: Biological Background: All living organisms are made of cells which are surrounded by a membrane. The cell membrane has many functions but the
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Osmosis Lab Report Hypothesis: Osmosis will occur when there is an uneven distribution of solute in a solvent. The higher the solute in solvent‚ then there will be a higher rate of osmosis through the diffusion gradient forming a hypertonic or hypotonic solution. Solvent with equal or no solute forms an isotonic solution. Materials: Distilled water‚ sucrose‚ dialysis tubing‚ string‚ 250 ml beaker. Procedure: To demonstrate and isotonic solution we needed 3 inches of dialysis tubing. We
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Conflict in A Raisin in the Sun In the play A Raisin in the Sun‚ the playwright Lorraine Hansberry depicts the life of an impoverished African American family living on the south side of Chicago. The Youngers‚ living in a small apartment and having dreams larger than the world in which the live‚ often use verbal abuse as a way to vent their problems. Many times‚ this verbal abuse leads to unnecessary conflict within the family. The most frequently depicted conflict is that between Walter and
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