of threads called chromatin‚ which is indistinct in the nondividing cell‚ but it condenses to chromosomes at the time of cell division. This is where the DNA resides. The most prominent structure in the nucleus is the nucleolus which produces ribosomal RNA or rRNA. Multicellular organisms consist of many cells that are specialized for one particular function and carry it out very efficiently. The labor in a eukaryotic cell is divided with each part of the cell doing its job so as to ensure the
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Study Guide 3/1/11 1. Describe the three parts of a nucleotide and how they bond to form a nucleotide. The three parts of a necleotide are a carbon sugar‚ a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The carbon sugars bond to the phosphate groups by covalent bonds while the nitrogenous base bonds with it’s compliment by hydrogen bonds. 2. Summarize the role of covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA. The role of covalent
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to 16‚571 base pairs. mtDNA is round; this round shape is also referred to as a plasmid‚ unlike traditional linear nucleic DNA. The plasmid is divided into four main regions. It contains a D-loop‚ Transfer RNA‚ Ribosomal RNA and a region that genes make proteins. The Transfer RNA‚ Ribosomal RNA and the gene area are referred to as the “coding region.” The D-loop is also known as the hypervariable region. This area is considered to be a non-vital part of the mtDNA. This is because mutations in
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Indicate whether each of the following statements about triglycerides is true or false. Indicate whether each of the following statements about triglycerides is true or false. 1. A triacylglycerol is composed of 3 glycerol molecules joined to a fatty acid. 2. The hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids vary in length as well as in the number and location of double bonds between the carbon atoms. 3. Fatty acids with one double bond in their hydrocarbon chain are called monounsaturated‚ while those with
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sequence of their ribosomal RNA subunits. In addition‚ recent studies have shown that archaebacterial RNA polymerases resemble the eukaryotic enzymes‚ not the eubacterial RNA polymerase. Archaebacteria also have introns in some genes‚ an advanced eukaryotic characteristic that was previously unknown among prokaryotes. In eukaryotic cells‚ the initial messenger RNA (M-RNA) transcribed from the DNA (gene) is modified (shortened) before it leaves the nucleus. Sections of the M-RNA strand called introns
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walls. Their cells instead are found to have pseudopeptidoglycan. ("What Are the Differences‚" n.d.). The cell membranes of archaea reveal more differences as they are unique and have different Ribosomal RNAs. Archaea have three RNA polymerases more similar to eukaryotes‚ whereas‚ bacteria only have one RNA polymerase. Bacteria and archaea both have lipids but the lipids in bacteria contain fatty acids with
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Name and describe the three main parts of a cell. plasma membrane-forms a cell’s flexible outer surface‚ separating the cell’s internal environment (inside the cell) from its external environment (outside the cell) cytoplasm- consists of all the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus. nucleus- is the largest organelle of a cell. The nucleus acts as the control center for a cell because it contains the genes‚ which control cellular structure and most cellular activities
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and unmanned craft was sent to the deepest part of the ocean‚ the Marianas Trench‚ where it took a sediment sample and brought it back for analysis. From this sediment sample they extracted several bits of DNA which coded for prokaryotic ribosomal RNA. This RNA held genes that coded for pressure regulation within the cell. This prevents the bacteria from bursting and dying. This DNA was identified to be very closely related to the genus Pseudomonas‚ one of the most wide spread genera in the world
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material that determines the structure and function of the cell it’s controlling. Nucleolus; the nucleolus is in the nucleus where rRNA genes exist and are transcribed. The resulting rRNAs and ribosomal proteins are combined to form the ribosomal subunits. The function of the nucleolus is the production of ribosomal subunits. Chromosomes; the chromosomes main function is to control the activities of a living cell. They are vital for the cell division process and are responsible for the division‚ replication
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a phospholipid bilayer that regulates cell activity‚ the DNA is wrapped tightly around proteins and packaged into compacts units called chromosomes. The DNA is double stranded. Also inside the nucleus is the nucleolus that is made of protein and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of chromosomes. Plant cells also have a cytoskeleton‚ an internal protein scaffold that supports the cell. The cytoskeleton is composed of microtubules and microfilaments. Microfilaments are solid rods made of globular proteins
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