encoding β-galactosidase and lactose permease are upregulated in E. coli. true 2 Different globin polypeptides are expressed at similar levels during the embryonic and fetal stages of mammalian development. false 3 RNA polymerase can bind to the promoter region of the DNA even when the lac repressor is bound to the operator site. true Hide 4 Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes require a promoter region for gene transcription. true 5
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the matrix of mitochondria may be dark or bright. In cells of the bone and occasionally in other cells electron dense granules‚ 25 - 50 nm in diameter‚ consisting of phospholipids and rich in calcium are present. Mitochondria have their own DNA and RNA necessary for synthesis of specific mitochondrial proteins and autoreproduction. Usually mitochondria are present at intracellular locations where energy is required. They contain specific enzymes‚ e.g. of the citrate-cycle and for oxidation of fatty
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cyclohexamide as protein synthesis inhibitors. October 16‚ 2009 Introduction: In living cells‚ prokaryotic or eukaryotic‚ the synthesis (construction) of proteins is accomplished by similar machinery. Amino acids‚ ribosomes‚ messenger RNA (mRNA)‚ and transfer RNA (tRNA)‚ are all necessary for the building of functional proteins in a cell. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis in a cell‚ and there are two different types‚ depending on the type of cell. Only the 70S ribosomes are found in
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Cellular Respiration  Cellular respiration is the process of oxidizing food molecules‚ like glucose‚ to carbon dioxide and water. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O → 12H2O + 6 CO2 The energy released is trapped in the form of ATP for use by all the energy-consuming activities of the cell. The process occurs in two phases: glycolysis‚ the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid the complete oxidation of pyruvic acid to carbon dioxide and water In eukaryotes‚ glycolysis occurs in the cytosol. (Link to
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BIO 110 Homework - Chapter #1 1. What is science? 2. What are seven characteristics of all living organisms? 3. Explain the steps of the scientific method. 4. What are theories? Homework – Chapter #2 and #3 1. What is an atom‚ what is an atom composed of and what are the charges of each Component? 2. What is an element? 3. What is atomic number and atomic mass? 4. What is an isotope and how do isotopes interact with other atoms? 5. What is a radioactive isotope? 6. Draw the shell model
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the planet. Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The Three Domain System‚ proposed by Woese and others‚ is an evolutionary model of phylogeny based on differences in the sequences of nucleotides in the cell’s ribosomal RNAs (rRNA)‚ as well as the cell’s membrane lipid structure and its sensitivity to antibiotics. Comparing rRNA structure is especially useful. Because rRNA molecules throughout nature carry out the same function‚ their structure changes very little
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statements refers: a)Fully permeable layer found outside the membrane of some cells. Cell Wall b)Series of membranes in the cytoplasm through which materials can be transported and in which proteins accumulate. Endoplasmic Reticulum c)Site of ribosomal RNA synthesis. Nucleus d)Partially permeable layer about 7.5nm thick. Cell Membrane e)Structures responsible for producing spindle apparatus. Centrosomes f)Contains membrane stacks called grana. Chloroplast g)Site of aerobic respiration. Mitochondria
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associated with a quick way for scientists to categorize the threat level and abilities of the bacterial cell. The final way to categorize a bacterial cell is by its genetic makeup‚ or more specifically its ribosomal sequences within its RNA. The similarities and differences within the ribosomal sequences help scientist determine how much two different bacterial cells are related. These classifications are very important‚ due to the fact that the topic of this paper‚ Vibrio Cholerae‚ the bacterial
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Course: Drug DevelopmentModule code: MT 5004Assignment: Essay 1 | Penicillin and Macrolides – The ANTIBIOTICS Penicillin and Macrolides‚ each having different properties belong to the same group of medicine called ANTIBIOTICs. Antibiotics refer to the chemical substance secreted or produced by various species of micro-organisms which are capable of inhibiting or killing the bacteria. Antibiotics have enabled the effective treatment of infections including life threatening diseases ranging from
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living organisms into three domains. Three domains of living organisms: 1. Archaea - very primitive; live in extreme habitats 2. Eubacteria - more advanced 3. Eukaryota - all life forms with eukaryotic cells (have a nucleus) Use of ribosomal RNA sequences for classification rRNA is found in all cells rRNA is easy to isolate Analyzed to determine the exact sequence of nucleotide bases The bases are a complimentary copy of DNA Can be compared by the use of computers and statistics
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