Backtesting Value-at-Risk Models Kansantaloustiede Maisterin tutkinnon tutkielma Olli Nieppola 2009 Kansantaloustieteen laitos HELSINGIN KAUPPAKORKEAKOULU HELSINKI SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS HELSINKI SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS Department of Economics BACKTESTI G VALUE-AT-RISK MODELS Master’s Thesis in Economics Olli Nieppola Spring Term 2009 Approved by the Head of the Economics Department ___/___ 200___ and awarded the grade ____________________________________________ Author:
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INTRODUCTION 1.1 Concept of Risk The word risk is certainly used frequently in everyday conversation and seems to be well understood. Risk implies some form of uncertainty about an outcome in a given situation. An event might occur and if it does‚ the outcome is not favourable to us. Risk can be contrasted with the word chance which implies some doubt about the outcome in a given situation; the difference is that the outcome may also be favourable e.g. risk of an accident‚ chance of winning
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1. Framework A. Identification of the risk Financial Risk There are three kinds of financial risk: market risk‚ liquidity risk and credit risk. Market Risk Price Risk The risk of a decline in the value of a security or a portfolio. Interest Rate Risk The risk that the value of an investment will change due to a change in the absolute level of interest rates. Example Dexia had a great interest rate risk. They had a lot of mortgage loans (long term). They financed the long term liabilities
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rugby on the pitch or off the field‚ Rugby Factory Shop caters every type of rugby player and fan. Rugby Factory Shop is one of the UK’s leading online shop that sells a wide range of rugby merchandise such as clothing‚ boots‚ balls‚ protection gears‚ equipment and everything you need to play the sport. Whether you want a T-shirt of your favourite team to show your support‚ or you want personalised rugby kits for your entire team‚ Rugby Factory Shop has got you covered. Associating with only major
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establishments specified as Pizza Parlors and Coffee Shops can barely survive or maintain its sustainability in the municipality. Essentially‚ there are some factors to consider behind the sustainability of these said establishments. Every now and then‚ various Food and Beverage establishments have already existed in the market. However‚ not all of them became successful as days pass by. Unlike before‚ there are Pizza Parlors and a Coffee Shop in Midsayap but it didn’t last for a long
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CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT 4 MANAGE THE PLANNING OF WORK METHODS‚ RESOURCES & SYSTEMS TO MEET CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS MANAGE THE PLANNING OF WORK METHODS‚ RESOURCES & SYSTEMS TO MEET CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS Objective1 Manage the evaluation & selection of construction methods Objective 2 Manage the planning of work activities & resources to meet contract requirements Objective 3 Manage the selection & formation of contract team Objective 4 Manage the operations of organisation & communication system
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The Legality of Risk Management Vicki Johnson University of Phoenix DHA/712 Risk Management in Complex Organizations Professor Gerald Griffin February 9‚ 2012 On a Friday afternoon a 46-year-old female veteran with a persistent cough‚ raspy breathing‚ and fever came into the Veteran Affairs Medical Center Emergency Department. The physician on staff examined the female veteran‚ and did not find any specific abnormalities. The physician still ordered chest
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Risk and Financial Management Risk and Financial Management: Mathematical and Computational Methods. C 2004 John Wiley & Sons‚ Ltd ISBN: 0-470-84908-8 C. Tapiero Risk and Financial Management Mathematical and Computational Methods CHARLES TAPIERO ESSEC Business School‚ Paris‚ France Copyright C 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd‚ The Atrium‚ Southern Gate‚ Chichester‚ West Sussex PO19 8SQ‚ England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries):
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nguyên is the most famous coffee brand in Vietnam. It was created in 1996 by Mr.Đặng Lê Nguyên Vũ. During student life in medical school of Tây Nguyên‚ Mr.Đặng had a question about coffee farmers’ life. Although the price of a cup of coffee wasn’t cheap‚ but why‚ farmers were still poor. This question encouraged him to find the answers. He and his company suffered from many accidents‚ but they kept on trying. Those experiences brought them a good background for opening more shops and expanding their business
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are 16% and 24%‚ and the correlation between returns is 0.2.Let w1 be the proportion of wealth put into the first investment. (a). Calculate the expected return and the standard deviation for portfolio w1=0‚0.2‚0.4‚0.6. (b). Draw a picture of these risk and returns for w1. (c). What is it called? (d). Draw the picture of (c) when there is a riskless asset. (e). How should an investor choose the optimal investment? Solutions: (a) (b) Page 1 of 8 (c) It is called Efficient Frontier. An efficient
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