Criminal acts and choice paper Margaret Macy CJA/204 July 18‚ 2011 Chris Cannon Criminal acts and choice paper Different choice theories and models exist that relate to crime. Some of the choice theories that mention in the book Criminal Justice Today an introductory text for the 21st Century‚ 10th edition are as followed: Choice theory‚ the classical school‚ biological theory‚ psychological theory‚ and the labeling theory. Each has its own way to explain how and why a person
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widely popular Golden Rule and the lesser known Platinum Rule. The Golden Rule‚ which seems to be almost a moral standard as variations of this rule are found amongst various religions which we sum to “Treat others as you would like to be treated.” The platinum rule is the idea that you should “Treat others as they would like to be treated ”. The Golden Rule encourages an egocentric based morality which cultivates a distorted and disconnected view of service while the Platinum Rule encourages individualism
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which promises success and security to everyone in exchange for hard work alone. When reality falls short of this ideal‚ people are more inclined to bend the rules to obtain what they deserve. In his chapter‚ "The Rules about the Rules"‚ Stephen Carter indicates that Americans "care far more about winning than about playing by the rules" (180). Although Americans have a competent understanding of morality‚ their moral integrity is placed secondary to success. As a result‚ Americans are willing
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Science Study Notes Getting Your Act Together Cell Theory Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life. In multicellular organisms different cells perform different functions. Different types of cells work together so that the organism functions as a co-ordinated whole Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms A multicellular organism is made up of many cells A unicellular organism only has one cell Plant Cell Animal Cell Basic Requirements
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interpretation‚ including rules of interpretation. The five (5) main rules of statutory interpretation are: 1. The Context Rule When the context rule is used to interpret an act it is understood with reference to the words which are in immediate connection to it. This can be expressed by the Latin maximum “noscitur a sociis” which means “a word may be known by the company it keeps” when translated. The context rule is a more accurate way of interpreting a statute because in each rule we tend to find out
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1.0 Introduction The rule of law is fundamental in any society where human rights are to be protected. The word rule comes from “règle” and law from “lagu” roughly translating to “supremacy of law”.1It is a mechanism for safeguarding human rights by guaranteeing them legally and at the same time providing a means for redressal where violations occur. The most important application of the rule of law is the principle that government authority is legitimately exercised in accordance with established
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Part E The rules of statutory interpretation Introduction In this part we will explore the number of rules developed by the courts to assist with the interpretation of a statute. These are: • the literal rule • the golden rule • the mischief rule • the purposive approach. These rules each take different approaches to interpretation of a statute. Some judges prefer one rule‚ while other judges prefer another. Some judges also feel that their role is to fill the gaps and ambiguities in the
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The idea of the rule of law can be traced back to at least the time of Aristotle who observed that given the choice between a king who ruled by discretion and a king who ruled by law‚ the later was clearly superior to the former. In more recent times‚ it is Albert V. Dicey who is credited with providing the logical foundation upon which the modern notion of the rule of law is based. Dicey did not invent the idea of the rule of law but he popularized it in the late nineteenth century. His book‚ Introduction
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Using case law illustrations‚ explain how the literal rule of statutory interpretation operates and how the golden rule modifies the literal rule. Statutory interpretation is the process used by courts to interpret and apply legislation‚ although Acts of Parliament are written by expert draftsmen‚ the statute for the case before them may not be clear. Bennion (2005) has identified a number of issues that may cause uncertainty: The draftsman may refrain from using certain words as they think it
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by and/or solved using numerical methods‚ graphical methods‚ or analytical methods. These three methods can solve small equations such as y=mx+b to x=-b±b2-4ac2a. Analytical methods use mathematical theorems to fully predict the implications of a theory. Analytical usually involves the user writing down formulas and follow step by step procedures find an answer. They can be used when equations are not complex and an exact answer is needed. Numerical methods are used more often when equations are
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