THE EFFECT OF INHIBITORS AND MANIPULATION IN ENERGY PRODUCTION OF YEAST CELLS FOR GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION INTRODUCTION The aim of this experiment was to study the process of alcoholic fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast cells) and measure the rate of Co2 production during anaerobic breakdown of the respiratory substrate‚ sucrose‚ in the yeast cells. The effects of an inhibitor on respiratory enzyme were also looked at. It is hypothesized that the five different reaction mixtures
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the lignocellulosic feed stocks‚ is making the organisms unsuitable for CBP applications[168]. Genetic engineering approaches in this area like integration of genes from a cellulase producing strain into the ethanol producing strains like Saccharomyces cerevisiae was found to be inappropriate since transfer of very high number of these genes might influence the execution of cell‚ their co-expression at the transcriptional level is often lop-sided causing ER-stress to the host cell [167]. Although
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Bacteria are unicellular and ultra-microscopic organisms‚ yet they play an important role in nature. They are of tremendous importance to man. They play an important role in agriculture and medicine and are the basis of many industries. Some are beneficial to man directly or indirectly‚ others are very harmful as they cause various plant and animal diseases. Bacteria are considered as our friends and foes due to their beneficial and harmful activities. Their economic importance can be studied under
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Genomes as Resources for Biocatalysis JON D. STEWART Department of Chemistry‚ University of Florida Gainesville‚ Florida 32611 I. II. III. IV. Introduction Yeast Dehydrogenase Gene Identification Expression and Isolation of Yeast Dehydrogenases Characterization of Yeast Dehydrogenases A. Results from Ethyl Acetoacetates B. Results from Higher Homologs C. Synthetic Applications V. Conclusions and Future Directions References 31 33 34 35 37 40 43 46 49 I. Introduction How well biocatalysis
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WTHESIS STATEMENT: “BIOCONVERSION OF WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES) TO ETHANOL.” 1. INTRODUCTION Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a free-floating or rooted in mud plant or weed which can totally cover fresh water lakes‚ harbors‚ and other essentially relatively occluded fresh water bodies. It is a fast growing permanent aquatic plant that are extensively scattered all throughout the world. This tropical plant can be the reason for the infestation over large areas of water resources
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Cellular respiration is defined as an enzyme mediated process in which organic compounds such as glucose is broken down into simpler products with the release of energy (Duka‚ Diaz and Villa‚ 2009). It is a series of metabolic processes and oxidation-reduction reactions. Oxidation of substrates‚ such as glucose‚ is a fundamental part of cellular respiration (Mader‚ 2009). As a catabolic process‚ it may or may not require the presence of oxygen. The process that requires oxygen is called aerobic
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COVENANT UNIVERSITY Department of Biological Sciences NAME: OBUEKWE CHUKWUEMEKA AZUBUIKE MAT NO: 12CQ014230 PROGRAMME: MICROBIOLOGY COURSE: MCB 212 (MYCOLOGY) TOPIC: THE IMPORTANCE OF FUNGI IN; MEDICINE INDUSTRY THE ENVIRONMENT {DR OLASEINDE G.} INTRODUCTION Fungi are tremendously important to human society and the planet we live on
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yeast species that dominated were Zygosaccharomyces bailii‚ Saccharomyces ludwigii‚ Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; others varyingly include‚ Kloeckera apiculata‚ ‚ Brettanomyces bruxellensis‚ B. lambicus‚ B. custersii‚ Candida stellata ‚ Pichia fermentans and Torulaspora delbrueckii (Mayser et al.‚ 1995; Liu et al.‚ 1996; Balentine et al.‚ 1997; Markov et al.‚ 2001; Ramadani and Abulreesh‚ 2010)‚ Saccharomyces bisporus (Markov et al.‚ 2001) and B. claussenii (Jayabalan
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Yeast which is also known as Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is a unicellular eukaryotic Fungi means that is made up of one cell with a nucleus(“What is Yeast”).Yeast is a very practical product that is used in mainy way like when baking Yeast helps raise the dough and also yeast is used in the process of making wine.The Reason why yeast was chosen to was to see how yeast can metabolize different sugars and how much Co2 they release when when metabolizing.To test the yeast at the lab we used 4 different
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fermentative methods using sugar as a starting material. In the latter method‚ Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis are currently used to produce glutathione on an industrial scale. At the molecular level‚ the genes gshA and gshB‚ which encode the enzymes γglutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase‚ respectively‚ have been cloned from Escherichia coli and over-expressed in E. coli‚ S. cerevisiae‚ and Lactococcus lactis. It is anticipated that‚ with the design and/or discovery
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