First Vatican Council This council was summoned by Pope Pius IX by the bull Aeterni Patris of 29 June 1868. The first session was held in St. Peter’s basilica on 8 December 1869 in the presence and under the presidency of the Pope. The purpose of the council was‚ besides the condemnation of contemporary errors‚ to define the Catholic doctrine concerning the Church of Christ. In fact‚ in the three following sessions‚ there was discussion and approval of only two constitutions: Dogmatic Constitution
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Tirol. It was further held up by the death of Marcellus II‚ and the election of the staunch arch-Catholic Paul IV‚ who does not re-convene the Council. As it only came up with few reaffirmations. They upheld the importance of the Eucharist as a sacrament‚ and in the same way‚ they would uphold the doctrine of transubstantiation. This is another example of the Church clarifying its position in comparison to the Protestants‚ making reconciliation close to
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STUDIES OF RELIGION II CHRISTIANITY DEPTH STUDY: Christianity is more than a belief in one God. It isn’t just something a person is baptised into to. Christianity is a source of hope for those who doubt‚ it is a guide for those who are lost and it provides answers for those who wonder. Christianity is the belief in one true God and from there come various interpretations that religions such as Anglicanism‚ Christianity and Lutheranism have taken and formed a more specific faith. In this
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THE CHURCH IN MEDIEVAL LIFE During the Middle Ages‚ two distinct Christian churches emerged: the Orthodox Christian Church in the east and the Roman Catholic Church in the west. (The two branches split permanently in 1054. The Roman Catholic Church became the main stabilizing force in Western Europe. The church provided religious leadership as well as secular‚ or worldly‚ leadership. It also played a key role in reviving and preserving learning. At the head of the Roman Catholic Church was the
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An increase in expression of popular piety became prevalent at the end of the 11th century during the call for the first crusade by Pope Urban II. Popular piety refers to seeking a closer more personal relationship with God that was based off of emotion and love. This emotive Christianity reflected a shift in the attitudes of medieval society that were continuing to change due to other historical factors happening from the 12th through 15th centuries. The growth of popular piety‚ the ongoing threat
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married 6 times!! ) of Aragon for this lady Anne Boleyn; (his Marriage with Catherine of Aragon finally produced his Son: Edward). but the pope wouldn’t grant divorce. King Henry actually hated Protestantism and even wrote the Defense of Seven Sacraments. But he just made the Church of England and granted himself a divorce. Act of Supremacy-made him the head of the English church. Henry VIII’s break with Rome was an act of state‚ promptly primarily by political motives‚ but many of those who
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Antitheatricalism in Light of Ben Jonson’s Volpone Commentary by Joel Culpepper Crossdressing in England was mostly opposed by the Fundamentalist branch of the Protestant Church known as the Puritans. The Puritan dogma‚ much like the concept of transvestism‚ was constantly challenged. Puritans found resistance in the religious authorities of the Church of England and the English government. Before 1536‚ the Roman Catholic Church was unimpeded and always won over Puritan proposals regarding legislation
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The Catholic Church The Church -from the Latin word “ecclesia” and from the Greek word “ek- kalein” which means convocation or assembly -It designates assembly of the people for the religious purpose. -In Christian usage‚ the word “church” The Church in God’s Plan -God the Father created the whole universe‚ and chose to raise up men to share in his own divine life. -God created the world for the sake of communion with his divine life‚ a communion brought about by the convocation of men
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Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church‚ loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal‚ political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences‚ which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation‚ some go as far back as the fourteenth century
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of clerical celibacy and encouragement that all clerics should marry. c. assertions that the authority of scripture must be supplemented by church decrees. d. dissolution of all single-sex monastic orders. e. the use of two rather than seven sacraments. ____ 19. Although Charles V had many adversaries‚ his chief concern during his reign was a. Henry VIII of England. b. Ludwig II of Bavaria. c. Charles XII of Sweden. d. Francis I of France. e. Pope Clement
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