acid | Proteins | Sulphur carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen | 3. Briefly describe how large molecules are made from smaller basic units. 4. Make a table for the outcomes of these tests Substance | Test | Outcome | Starch | Iodine solution | If starch is present it will go Black/Blue | Sugar | Benedict’s Solution | when added to glucose and heated‚ turns brownish-orange | Protein | Biuret Test | The intensity of the colour is directly proportional to the concentration of a substance
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three major functions of the digestive system the secretion‚ digestion‚ and absorption. Accessory organs such as salivary glands‚ liver‚ gallbladder and pancreas have duct that lead into the digestive tract and thus support digestive function. Digestion is defined as the mechanical and chemical breaking down of food into smaller components‚ to a form that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells of the body. The two phase of digestion are mechanical and chemical or enzymatic. The former involves
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Ethanol Production From Food Waste A PROJECT REPORT Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology (Biotechnology) Under the Guidance of Dr. S.M. Bhatt (Associate Professor) Department of Biosciences By Abhishek Agarwal Registration No. 10809065 Roll No. RB18B2A07 Department of Biotechnology Engineering Lovely Professional University Phagwara –144401 November 2011 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Abhishek
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specialized function of turning food into energy. Each step in digestion requires energy‚ and thus imposes an “overhead charge” on the energy made available from absorbed substances The major part of digestion takes place in the small intestine. The large intestine serves as the site for fermentation of indigestible matter by gut bacteria and for reabsorption of water from digests before excretion Mechanical and chemical digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed nad mixed with saliva
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Ruminant Digestive System Complex structure with four compartments Source: Animal Feeding and Nutrition (Jurgens) Ruminant Characteristics Primarily herbivores Cattle‚ sheep‚ goats‚ deer‚ elk Camelids are “pseodu” ruminants 60-75% of ingesta fermented by microbes before exposed to gastric juices Mouth Tongue Used more by cattle and goats (also use lips) Teeth No upper incisors Used more by sheep (use lips to “sort” feed) Saliva Continual production Cattle: 12 gal/d vs Sheep: 2 gal/d No enzymes;
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Cell structure and organization • Chloroplasts o Site of photosynthesis where light energy is absorbed o Consist of grana which are stacked up to increase surface area for absorption of light o Only present in plant cells • Cell membrane (plasma membrane) o Lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell‚ interspersed with protein molecule o Presence of temporary pores o Selectively permeable Controls movement of substances o Diffusion‚ osmosis and active transport can therefore take place o Prevent outflowing
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and what colour does it turn in presence of starch and glycogen? Starch: yellow --> blue-black (amylase in starch reacts with iodine) Glycogen: yellow --> reddish-brown (due to the multi-branched component) 5) How do plants and animals store simple sugar glucose? In the form of polysaccharides. In plants‚ starch is the polysaccharide with glucose units linked by glycosidic bonds. Glycogen‚ in animals‚ is a larger polymer. 6) How do starch and glycogen differ? Molecular weight‚ overall
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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education BIOLOGY Paper 1 Multiple Choice May/June 2004 45 minutes Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB is recommended) 0610/01 READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples‚ paper clips‚ highlighters‚ glue or correction fluid. Write your name‚ Centre number and candidate number on the answer sheet in the spaces
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Part C Digestion is the procedure of breaking down food into smaller parts. Most of the food humans consume should be digested into more basic parts‚ in order for it to be absorbed into the body and used within the body. Additionally‚ nutrients are the most important substances that allow the body to perform daily activities. Furthermore‚ carbohydrates‚ fats and proteins are the chief nutrients that the human body needs‚ in order to grow‚ repair‚ move‚ and maintain homeostasis. These nutrients
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center of body function composed of several types of tissues • Organ system: a group of organs that work together to perform vital body functions • Major Organ systems in the fetal pig: o Digestive: food processing (ingestion‚ digestion‚ absorption‚ elimination) • Mouth⋄pharynx⋄Esophagus⋄stomach⋄intestines⋄ Liver⋄ Pancreas⋄anus • Small Intestine- absorbs nutrients. Made of epithelial‚ muscle and vascular tissue. o Circulatory- internal
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