Anatomy Review Sheet 2 Respiratory Nomenclature Upper Respiratory VS Lower Respiratory -Are separated by the larynx -Upper Respiratory is the conducting pathway; Histology: Pseudo Stratified Ciliated Columnar Epilithlial Tissue. -Lower Respiratory Tract is everything below the larynx‚ exchange pathway. Meaning perfusion. Histology: Simple‚ because you want more passive mechanisms of perfusion. -Terminal Bronchiole Alveoli The rate limiting step and the final common pathway that
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Ingestion‚ which occurs in the mouth‚ is the first step of the digestive process. After food enters the mouth‚ the teeth chew it. Saliva‚ which is produced by the salivary glands‚ plays a major role in breaking down the food into smaller pieces‚ such food particles‚ like Starch‚ which is digested by amylase. A large amount of saliva is amylase based‚ it is in fact‚ the first enzyme that comes into contact with your food/substrate during the process of digestion. Once the food has been chewed it turns
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Enzymes are protein‚ they are used to catalyse metabolisms in all organisms. They break down complex molecules and build up complex molecules from simple molecules‚ these two processes are catabolic reaction and anabolic reaction respectively. Enzymes are needed in these two processes to catalyse releasing and taking up ATP molecules. Different sequence of amino acid produces different structure of protein‚ which determines the property of protein‚ thus each kind of enzymes has its unique active
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Experiment 4 – Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity Aim To study the effects of temperature on the activity of amylase enzyme on starch solution. Introduction Enzymes are widely known as biological catalyst. Almost all cellular reactions are controlled and guarded by enzymes. Virtually every metabolic reaction which takes place within a living organisms are catalyzed by enzymes. Enzymes are complex three-dimensional globular proteins. Some of the enzymes are built up off proteins and
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The polysaccharide form of this is too big for the body to simply break down directly. So‚ instead the body uses multiple forms of procedures to break down the molecule into a usable size‚ such as glucose. The body begins breaking it down with salivary amylase. This is the process of chewing it in your mouth. The disaccharides then go through intestinal digestion which break them down
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1. Which of the following statements about the immune system is TRUE? A. Specific immune defenses are innate (pre-existing) B. Non-specific immune defenses are not innate: they are activated by exposure to foreign antigens C. Non-specific immune defenses require involvement of T-cells and B-cells D. Non-specific immune defenses include fever and the body’s inflammatory response E. None of the above 2. Which of the following does NOT occur during inflammatory
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lettuce and pickles into smaller particles or boluses so that the enzymes can digest the food much easier. Lettuce contains carbohydrates‚ proteins and fat. The tongue helps turn food in the mouth and mix with the saliva in the mouth which contains salivary amylase enzyme. It then passes through the esophagus to the stomach which is a mixer and grinder of food. The stomach secrets Hydrochloric acid and enzymes that are used in the breaking down of the food. The food then leaves the stomach in form of a
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LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Angela Collins Instructor: Catherine Rice Date: 07.09.2014 Predictions Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 5 Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 70 °C (158 °F) Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced Independent Variable pH Controlled Variables temperature‚ amount
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The body is made up of a number of systems that all interlink and produce everything we need in order to survive. Within the body there is the digestive system; the circulatory system‚ the nervous system‚ the muscular system‚ the skeletal system and the reproductive system. These systems are all part of one another and they share organs‚ tissues and cells and that is how they interlink. The diagram above shows each system and where they are located in the body. Each system is shown in a different
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Digestive system 6.1.1 explain why digestion of large food molecules is essential * Large food molecules are polymers‚ broken down into monomers in order to be absorbed into the blood * Humans eat substances by other organsims‚ many which are not suitable for human tissues therefore they must be broken down and reassembled in a form that is suitable * Many molecules in foods are too large to be absorbed by the villi in the small intestine‚ the large molecules have to be broken down
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