Essential oils are volatile components associated with the aromas of seeds‚ bark‚ or roots of plants. In this experiment‚ the essential oil eugenol was isolated from ground cloves using steam distillation techniques. Eugenol had a high boiling point‚ but it was isolated at a lower temperature by performing a co-distillation with water‚ a process known as steam distillation. This technique allowed the desired material to be distilled at a lower temperature than 100℃. The point of the steam distillation
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Steam distillation of cloves produced 0.53g of an oil which contained in its IR spectrum the functional groups O-H (at 3520 cm-1)‚ sp2 C-H (3080 – 3000 cm-1)‚ aliphatic C-H (2980 – 2940 cm-1)‚ and both alkene C=C (at 1640 cm-1) and aromatic C=C (at 1514 cm-1). The IR spectrum is attached to this report. These data are consistent with the structure of eugenol‚ shown in Figure 2 below: In addition‚ the IR of the product from the steam distillation of cloves closely corresponds with that of an
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Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil Introduction: In this lab the synthesis‚ purification‚ and characterization of isoamyl acetate‚ or banana oil‚ was determined. The synthesis was completed by a reversible esterification reaction which required the heating of glacial acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol‚ combined with a sulfuric acid catalyst in hexane. In order to increase the efficiency of the reaction‚ LeChatelier’s Principle is utilized by removing water from the products. As a result‚ the reaction
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Lab 5: Preparation of Synthetic Banana Oil September 20th‚ 2012 Purpose: The main purpose of this experiment was to synthesize banana oil (isopentyl acetate.) Ester are often prepared by the Fischer esterification method‚ which involves heating a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. Theory: Synthesize isopentyl acetate by combining isopentyl alcohol with acetic acid and sulfuric acid and then heating the reaction mixture under reflux for an hour. The alcohol
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(mins): Anthracene 8.67 Benzene 4.37 Naphthalene 5.98 Anthracene standards Peak Area Ratio Sample Concentration Anthracene Benzene A/B 4 2.25 mg/100mL 355003 496920 0.714406746 3 4.5 mg/100mL 583453 467385 1.248334885 2 6.75 mg/100mL 888620 513249 1.73136236 1 9 mg/100mL 1097279 518713 2.115387507 Naphthalene standards Peak Area Ratio Sample Concentration Naphthalene Benzene N/B 4 1.5 mg/100mL 667589 496920 1.343453675 3 3 mg/100mL
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HPLC detection and quantification of polyphenolic compounds Detection and quantification of selected phenolic compounds in the ethanol extract were determined by HPLC-DAD analysis as described by Ismet et al. [13] with some modifications. It was carried out on a Dionex UltiMate 3000 system equipped with quaternary rapid separation pump (LPG-3400RS) and photodiode array detector (DAD-3000RS). Separation was performed using Acclaim® C18 (5µm) Dionex column (4.6 x 250 mm) at 30 ºC with a flow rate of
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major constituent of clove oil 3/15/2012 Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to isolate the cove oil from ground cloves and determine the identity of the major constituent that is known to have the molecular formula C10H12O2 through IR spectrometry. Theory: Many people search for alternative ways to treat illnesses other than the conventional use of drugs and surgery. These alternative ways include aromatherapy‚ naturopathy‚ and homeopathy. Aromatherapy uses essential oils to treat the illness
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preparation of aspirin and oil of wintergreen | Introduction Organic compounds are those which contain carbon as well as a select other elements. An organic acid however‚ is an organic compound which contains acidic properties. An ester is an example of being a derivative of these organic acids. Esters can be prepared by the reaction of carboxylic acids and alcohols‚ with an inorganic acid used as a catalyst which is dubbed esterification. With o-hydrobenzoic acid‚ or salicylic
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Technology University‚ Gopalganj. Title : Assignment on HPLC (High-performance /High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography) Introduction: HPLC is an advanced form of liquid chromatography used in separating the complex mixture of molecules encountered in chemical and biological systems‚ in order to recognize better the role of individual molecules by using significantly higher pressure (50–350 bar). Compounds are separated by injecting a sample mixture onto the column. The different component in
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HPLC Analysis of Capsaicin Eric Sorenson Work Completed on 11/28/12 Quantitative analysis of Capsaicin was analyzed in three peppers that were expected to differ greatly in their capsaicin content and thus their relative spiciness. The idea was to have a nice range of capsaicin concentrations to clearly reflect the subjective pain one experiences from biting into a chili. Fresh Habanero‚ Jalapeno and Red Bell Pepper were purchased from the local Family Fresh grocery store to be analyzed
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