International Data Encryption Algorithm CS-627-1 Fall 2004 By How-Shen Chang Table of Contents: Introduction 2 Description of IDEA 3 Key Generation 3 Encryption 4 Decryption 6 Modes of operation 6 Weak keys for IDEA 6 Implementation 7 Applications 8 Conclusion 9 Introduction The Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm has been a popular secret key encryption algorithm and is used in many commercial and financial applications. Although introduced in 1976‚ it
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1 A Modified Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm for Nonconvex Economic Dispatch Problem Eiman Sayedi‚ Malihe M. Farsangi‚ Mohammad Barati‚ and Kwang Y. Lee‚ Fellow‚ IEEE al. in [3]. To improve the performance of the SFL algorithm‚ a chaos search is combined with SFL by Li‚ et al. in [4]. In [5]‚ a new frog leaping rule is introduced and the direction and the length of each frog’s jump are extended by emulating frog’s perception and action uncertainties. Zhen‚ et al. in [6]‚ introduced a new leaping
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1. | What is an operating system? | | An operating system is a program that acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware. The purpose of an OS is to provide a convenient environment in which user can execute programs in a convenient and efficient manner. It is a resource allocator responsible for allocating system resources and a control program which controls the operation of the computer hardware. | 2. | Why paging is used? | | Paging is solution to external
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concept – Process scheduling – Operations on processes – Cooperating processes – Inter process communication – Communication in client – Server systems – Case study – IPC in linux – Threads – Multi-threading models – Threading issues – Case study – Pthreads library. UNIT II PROCESS SCHEDULING AND SYNCHRONIZATION CPU scheduling – Scheduling criteria – Scheduling algorithms – Multiple – Processor scheduling – Real time scheduling – Algorithm evaluation – Case study – Process scheduling in Linux – Process
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of Execution within a single process. Kernel-level thread; this is a type of threading in which all of the work of thread management is done by the kernel. Thread; this is a single execution path‚ with an execution stack‚ processor stack‚ and scheduling information. Review Questions 4.1 Table 3.5 lists typical elements found in a process control block for an unthreaded OS. Of these‚ which should belong to a thread control block and which should belong to a Process control
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1. AIM: To write a C program to simulate the shortest job first algorithm with preemption. DESCRIPTION: For implementing SJF algorithm with preemption‚ we consider the arrival times of each process‚ the burst times of all the previously arrived processes. After the arrival of all the processes into the ready queue‚ the average waiting time and turn around time can be calculated by using the above algorithm. ALGORITHM: 1) start 2) read the no of processes to n 3) initialize i to 0 4) if
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TOPIC 4 JOB ANALYSIS AND DESIGN Strategic design of work • WORK DESIGN the process of assigning and coordinating work tasks • DIFFERENCIATION assigning sets of similar tasks so that they can specialize • INTEGRAGTION coordinating the efforts of employees. 2 How is work design strategic? • Developing autonomy • Developing interdependence – Sequential processing – Reciprocal processing • Linking autonomy and interdependence to HR strategy 3 Strategic framework for work
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------------------------------------------------- Advertising media scheduling Scheduling refers to the pattern of advertising timing‚ represented as plots on a yearly flowchart. These plots indicate the pattern of scheduled times advertising must appear to coincide with favorable selling periods. The classic scheduling models are Continuity‚ Flighting and Pulsing. [edit]Continuity This model is primarily for non-seasonal products‚ yet sometimes for seasonal products. Advertising runs steadily
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Mosseri‚ L. (July 1989). Persistence and Migration for C++ Objects. Proceedings of the ECOOP 1989–European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. Shivaratri‚ N. G. and Krueger‚ P. (May-June 1990). Two Adaptive Location Policies for Global Scheduling Algorithms. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems‚ pages 502–509. Shivaratri‚ N.‚ Krueger‚ P.‚ and Singhal‚ M. (December 1992). Load Distributing for Locally Distributed Systems. IEEE Computer‚ pages 33–44.
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Chapter: 4 4.3) Which of the following components of the program state are shared across threads in a multithreaded process? a. Register value b. Heap memory c. Global variable d. Stack memory Answer: The threads of a multithreaded process share heap memory and global variables. Each thread has its separate set of register values and a separate stack. 4.4) Output at LINE C is 5. Output at LINE P is 0. 4.6) What are the two differences between user-level and kernel-level threads
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