1 The aims and values of ‘criminal justice’ Let no-one be in any doubt‚ the rules of the game are changing. (Former Prime Minister Tony Blair‚ 5 August 2005). Key issues: • The structure of the criminal justice system • Blurring civil and criminal boundaries: ASBOs and similar • Proving guilt and innocence: burden and standard of proof • Adversarial and inquisitorial approaches • Recent trends in crime and criminal justice • Packer’s ‘due process’ and ‘crime control’ models • The human
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America in the 1990s and the early 21st century America had a strong influence in handing International affairs in the 1990s. At that time‚ along with the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991‚ the United States became the only super power in the world. In the early 21st century‚ it also plays an important role on the international affairs. 1. American in the 1990s (1) Military Attacks on Iraq and Yugoslavia In the 1990s‚ the United States gave the world an impression of world policeman
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Discretion In The Criminal Justice System Discretion is the eminence of once behavior or the way of speaking in order to avoid any offensive occurrence or speaking up any private issues or information in public. It is the self-determination for someone to choose or think what should be better to be done in particular circumstances. Especially for a judge‚ a public official or other private party has the authority to make decisions on any legal matters or other big official subjects. Thus‚ a person
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Feminist politics in the 20th and 21st centuries Women’s suffrage in the United States began in 1848‚ evolving throughout the 19th century. The Seneca Falls convention was the first meeting devoted to the progression of Women’s Rights in the United States. Elizabeth Cady Stanton‚ one of the organizers of the event‚ drafted the “Declaration of Sentiments‚ Grievances‚ and Resolutions” which detailed the complaints held by women regarding their status in society. Initially‚ feminist reformers sought
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Despite many criticisms‚ and a wealth of newer theories on the topic of managing people‚ Taylorism (i.e. Scientific Management) is alive and well in 21st century management practice. Taylorism‚ in todays society is ever present‚ from car companies to McDonalds it is constantly used. This form of Scientific management originated at the height of the industrial revolution‚ in the early 1900’s‚ by a man by the name of Frederick W. Taylor. Over the one hundred years‚ this type of management has
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“According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics‚ which is a division of the U.S. Department of Justice‚ 1 in 3 black men can expect to be incarcerated in their lifetime. For Latino men the imprisonment rate is 1 in 6‚ and for White men it’s 1 in 17”(2015‚ Top 8 Most Surprising Facts about Race and the US Criminal Justice System). Racism has tainted our history books for centuries and continues to plague our world to this very day . The Bureau of Justice statistic worries me‚ because even though that
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plays a major part in all facets of U.S. society. Increased attention on criminal justice issues and criminal justice administration by the media creates opportunities and threats to the status quo of criminal justice policies and actions. Even though there is a foundation for the accurate and ethical reporting of news about the criminal justice system‚ the influence of the media on criminal justice and the theories of justice makes society biased. because the significance of political bias in reporting
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Introduction Reasoning has become a valued ability with in the judicial system. There are many ways of going about rational thinking. Reasoning is associated with thinking‚ cognition‚ and intellect. Reason‚ is one of the ways by which thinking comes from one idea to a related idea. Example‚ it is the means by which rational beings understand themselves to think about cause and effect‚ truth and falsehood‚ and what is good or bad. In the Johnsons definition of reasoning is defined as the
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A number of reports by academicians and practitioners all over the world have called significant change in the accounting methods and research and their relevance in the 21st century. Many believe that the accounting model is outdated with little relevance to the changes taken place in the wider world. Both the academicians and practitioners agree that if accounting is to serve a useful role in the changing environment‚ accounting education and accounting research should become more broader‚ dynamic
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Case Summaries : Week 8/ Contract 5/ Consideration 1. Alliance Bank v Broom (1864) D owed an unsecured debt to C. C asked for some security‚ and D promised to provide some goods but never produced them. When C tried to enforce the agreement for the security‚ D argued that C had not provided any consideration. HELD: that normally in such a case‚ the bank would promise not to enforce the debt‚ but this was not done here. By not suing‚ however‚ the bank had shown forbearance which was valid consideration
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