Critical Thinking Activity: Theories Now that you have read and reviewed Chapter 1‚ take your learning a step further by testing your critical thinking skills on this scientific reasoning exercise. Four major theories of human development are described‚ compared‚ and evaluated in Chapter 1. These are the psychoanalytic theories of Freud and Erikson; the behaviorism of Watson and Skinner and the social learning theory of Bandura; Piaget’s cognitive theory; and systems theories‚ including Bronfenbrenner’s
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Critically discuss the concepts of empiricism and empirical methods and their use in geography. Empiricism is a philosophical doctrine that our knowledge only comes from experiences. It can be described as a central role of observation. Empiricism was eventually somewhat replaced around the 1970’s by Positivism‚ Humanism‚ Marxist‚ Feminism and Post-Colonialism. However it still plays an important role today’s society‚ for example in the cataloguing of species. There is about 1.7 million species
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Scientific Study of Personality Scientific Study of Personality In the search for understanding behavior‚ the quest takes one to the subject of “personality”. There have always been questions as to why people do what they do‚ whether or not people have the ability to shape their own personality‚ and why people are so different. There are individuals that are predictable and others that are completely unpredictable‚ and what exactly controls or is a factor in one’s personality. Personality is
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (PSH IV) TERM PAPER SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENTATION IN RESEARCH ARDEEP PANESAR PSYCHOLOGY (HONS.) II YEAR 52 A Scientific Research is a systematic‚ controlled‚ empirical‚ and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among natural phenomena. An important step in research is To Publish good research data correctly. Reporting The Research is essential for the progress of science and also to maintain the self-correcting nature of science
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1- The _________ variable is the presumed cause of another variable while the ________ variable is the presumed effect. * a) independent; dependent b) dependent; independent c) independent; extraneous d) independent; mediating 2- A(n) ______________ variable is one that is not under the control of the researcher but that may be influencing the outcome of the experiment. a) independent
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01.03 Scientific Method Scenario 3 Ruben wants to determine if listening to different types of music will have an effect on a person’s pulse. His hypothesis states that if a person listens to rap music‚ their pulse will increase more than if they listen to other types of music. Ruben takes each participant’s pulse before‚ during‚ and after listening to 30 minutes of music. He has his mother listen to rock music‚ his sister listen to classical music‚ and his friend listen to rap music. From the
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1) What is the difference between pseudoscience and scientific evidence? Pseudoscience: anything being presented‚ as scientific but is not. Usually characterized by exaggerations‚ UN falsifiable claims‚ and anecdotes. Scientific Evidence: A process of inquiry followed by a body of knowledge. 2) Describe 3 main types of scientific inquiry: 3 types of scientific inquiry. Descriptive: what’s out there? Observing‚ no manipulations of variables Comparative: Seeks to describe relationships and correlations
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Applying the Scientific Method Attention deficit disorder (ADD) is a syndrome in which a person has difficulty focusing sustained attention on a task for a significant amount of time. In some cases this is accompanied by hyperactivity as well. It is currently being diagnosed at an all time high. Between 1989 and 1996‚ youth visits for ADD increased 90%‚ from 1.9% of total physician visits to 3.6%. Now a psychiatrist‚ Dr. Edward Hallowell is making a new distinction. He has described a similar set
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BIOL 101 1. The Scientific Method a. Scientific Method Steps i. Step 1 Make Observations: A researcher thinks of a question after making an observation of something in life. 1. Scientists observed patterns in surveys that habitual coffee drinking reduced the risk for type 2 diabetes (Yamauchi et al). ii. Step 2 Propose a hypothesis: The researcher proposes a hypothesis to describe the observation that may be true or false. 1. Coffee and caffeine reduces the development of diabetes. iii. Step 3 Test
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Scientific Revolution Aristotle and Claudius Ptolemy 16th century science was based on their conclusions Geocentric model: Earth is motion less other planets revolve around it Epicycles- Plotlemy’s idea circles within circles Crystalline spheres: heavens are made of a weightless substance allowing them to move Medieval thinkiners used Aristotle and Ptolemy ideology into a Christian framework Thomas Aquinas uses Unmoved Mover concept to confirm G-d’s existence Medieval thinkers believed their hypothesis
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