and finally one to test a high near boiling temperature. The water was measured to 200 mL and each cell had a cell placed inside it made from dialysis tubing. The cells had 10 mL of sucrose within tied together or clamped tight to preserve the solution. The temperatures and initial cell mass recorded‚ the experiment began and was timed for 30 minutes. After that time‚ the cells were removed and final masses recorded‚ and the percent change was calculated. The conclusion developed
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w w w e tr .X m eP e ap .c rs om June 2003 GCE A AND AS LEVEL MARK SCHEME MAXIMUM MARK: 40 SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 9700/01 BIOLOGY Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) Page 1 Mark Scheme A/AS LEVEL EXAMINATIONS – JUNE 2003 Syllabus 9700 Paper 1 Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Key D A C C A C D A B A B C B C D A D A C C Question Number 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Key D B B A C C B B C D A C C D B B D B B C
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organisms (plants‚ animals‚ and bacteria) are made up of cells. Any cell consists of many parts but the parts that play the key roles are the nucleus‚ cell membrane‚ and cytoplasm. The nucleus is like the “brain” of the cell (that also contains DNA). The cell membrane is like a wall that guards the cell. And the cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance which contains other smaller organelles like mitochondria that generates energy for the cell. Purpose/Investigation Question For this lab we are asked
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would allow for cancer cell detection without being invasive to a person’s body. It states that currently‚ human cancer cell detection is conducted through a person being cut on or biopsied. This new procedure allows for humans bodily fluids to be utilized in detecting cancer cells. Chandra states‚ “While current cancer-diagnosis methods rely on an invasive biopsy” to relay that many may not feel the need or desire to undergo biopsy‚ a type of simplistic surgery‚ for cancer cell detection. This article
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Botany Exercise 1 – Microscopy A. The Compound Microscope microscope – optical instrument consisting of a system of specially ground lenses that gives sharp‚ distinct‚ and highly magnified images of minute objects. compound microscope will be used. o two lenses: eyepiece + objective lenses o inverted image base coarse adjustment knob fine adjustment knob revolving nosepiece objective lenses stage stage clips stage opening condenser iris diaphragm mirror U-shaped platform that supports
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In 1947‚ experiments in which small quantities of Ca2+ ions were injected directly into the cell showed that an increase in intracellular calcium led to skeletal contractions. However it was not until the early 1960s when the way calcium ions were stored in cells became clearer thanks to work from Ebashi and Lipmann. (Burgoyne and Petersen‚ 1997). Calcium signalling determines whether or not a cell is activated. It is determined by calcium-ON and calcium-OFF mechanisms. Calcium-ON is responsible
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heart stopped‚ what cellular processes and membrane functions are going to be affected by loss of oxygen‚ blood glucose‚ and waste removal? Joseph’s blood pressure got so high due to the vessels being blocked with plaque‚ therefore circulation of blood has been blocked and it can no longer receive the nutrients required for it to pump. The body can’t breakdown glucose to make energy‚ and the increase in CO2 lowers the pH. Active transport on the plasma membrane stops which also stops ATP‚ and sodium
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entire respiratory tract in lined with a mucus membrane that collects foreign particles. Once the mucus‚ or airway surface liquid (ASL) traps particles‚ mucus clearance is an essential mechanism to remove the foreign particles‚ such as dust‚ bacteria‚ viruses and other potential pathogens‚ and to keep our airways and lungs clean and free of obstruction. An important mechanism for clearing mucus involves moving water across the membrane‚ out of the cell‚ into the mucus. This movement of water is a result
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beetroot‚ the more pigments well leak out from the cell membrane‚ hence the absorbance would increase. My hypothesis was concluded by the facts that beetroot contains red pigments called betalians which are located in the cell vacuole. Normally the pigments cannot leak out; however cooking the beetroot allows the movement. This is because the cell membrane selectively controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell. The membrane is made of 40% lipids‚ 0-10% carbohydrate and 50- 60%
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Cell membranes are a bilayer make up of phospholipids‚ proteins‚ and cholesterol. Its main function is to regulate what comes in and out of the cell by means of diffusion‚ transport proteins and protein channels. Trans membrane proteins transport polar solutes across hydrophobic regions of the bilayer. Diffusion occurs when solutes are transferred from a high concentration of that solute to a lower concentration of solutes. Solutes do not depend on the concentration of other solutes‚ which allows
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