Tabulate the characteristics of water • Water appears in nature in all three common states of matter (solid‚ liquid‚ and gas) • Water is tasteless and odorless • Water is a good polar solvent and is widely referred to as universal solvent • Water covers 71% of the Earth’s surface • Water has a high specific heat • Water has a high heat of vaporization. • Water’s greatest density occurs at 4C 2. Construct a graph showing water distribution Earth’s Water
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Greece Tel. +30 210 5294769; Fax +30 210 5294776; email: i.karagiannis@aua.gr Received 21 December 2006; accepted 28 February 2007 Abstract As water resources are rapidly being exhausted‚ more and more interest is paid to the desalination of seawater and brackish water concentrations. Today‚ current desalination methods require large amounts of energy which is costly both in environmental pollution and in money terms. Many studies of water desalination costs appear regularly
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Although global temperatures fluctuate naturally‚ over the past 50 years the average global temperature has augmented at its fastest rate in recorded history. The emission of greenhouse gasses such as Carbon Dioxide (CO2)‚ Nitrous Oxide (N2O) and Methane (CH4) render the Earth’s atmosphere more transparent to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted and reflected from the planet’s surface (NASA Earth Observatory). With this extra heat trapped within the atmosphere‚ the temperature
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spp. found in New Zealand. They live exclusively on moderately sheltered beaches‚ principally on shores of mud. These mud whelks are ubiquitous on enclosed mudflats‚ creeping about actively on the surface‚ which is subjected greatly to fluctuating salinity and humidity. Intensity of individuals is greatest where the beds of Austrovenus Stutchburyi and pipi are densest as these are its primary food source. Apart from this‚ they are quite randomly spread and only gather while feeding. Wherever Cominella
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ridge * In areas where two continents are pushing against each other‚ one sinks underneath the other producing subduction zones that create deep trenches * Solid water (ice) displaces more volume than liquid water‚ therefore it floats * Seawater contains dissolved gasses that are exchanged with the atmosphere: gas exchange * The ocean is usually layers or stratified * Layers are separated by thermoclines and haloclines * Surface layer (mixed layer): down to 100-200 m‚ mixed by
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are gang lords. It is a regular sight to see burning mangroves‚" informs Milli Shetty of Vikas Samiti‚ a resident of Kandivali who has been involved in saving the local mangroves. Garbage too is dumped into these intertidal areas‚ upsetting the salinity of the seawater and choking off mangrove tree roots. The dumping is a technique to illegally reclaim the land‚ and subsequently build on it once the trees have been destroyed. "As a result‚ people tend to associate mangroves with filth and smell‚" adds Milli
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since water expands. . Sandstorm- During the winter‚ big storm winds toss sand into the air exposed areas of sand off the beach and creating sandbars. . Ocean currents- A large movement of seawater in one direction generated by forces such as wind‚ breaking wave‚ Coriolis effect‚ temperature and salinity differences. While ocean currents caused by the gravitational pull of the sun and moon.
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1. Currents flow are affected by wind‚ the water’s salinity and heat content‚ bottom topography‚ and the earth’s rotation. Without these factors currents wouldn’t be able to form 2. Heat may be another factor that would affect currents. Currents might need to be the right temperature to form. 3. Earth’s rotation and strong seasonal winds causes upwelling. Upwelling push surface water away from some western coasts‚ so water rises on the western edges of continents to replace it. Marine life thrives
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NTRODUCTION The Leeuwin Current is a tropical current‚ consisting of warm‚ low salinity water that affects Western Australia’s coastal waters and wildlife. Currents are part of a large sub circular current system called a gyre. The currents in the Southern hemisphere gyres circulate in an anti-clockwise direction (Skinner‚ Porter & Botkin‚ 1999‚ p.249). There is a current in each of the major oceans that generally flow northwards along the western coast of continents. However‚ the Leeuwin Current
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scale meaning that every number (e.g. 7) is ten times more acidic than the number after it (e.g. 8). This means that something with a pH of 3 would be 10000x more acidic than distilled water‚ which has a pH of 7. How does temperature/the presence of salinity affect the oxidation rate? Pyrite oxidation generates O2 and produces heat. Due to this‚ the acidity and temperature of the surrounding soil/solution will affect the overall reaction rates (4). Biological oxidation only occurs between 0oC and 55oC
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