Alimentary System 1.1 – The burden of GI diseases • List the names of the organs of the alimentary tract • Mouth and Oesophagus • Stomach • Liver • Biliary system • Pancreas • Small intestine (consisting of duodenum‚ jejunum and ileum) • Large intestine (consisting of colon‚ rectum and anus) • Describe the symptoms and signs of alimentary tract disease Symptoms: General: • Anorexia • Weight loss • Anaemia
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Indications for bronchial hygiene therapy for acute conditions are copious secretions 25-30 ml/day‚ acute respiratory failure with retained secretions‚ acute lobar atelectasis‚ and V/Q abnormalities caused by unilateral lung disease. Chronic conditions that indicate therapy are cystic fibrosis‚ bronchiectasis‚ ciliary dyskinetic syndromes‚ and chronic bronchitis
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would cause a loss of ___ secretion. A. adrenocorticotropin B. somatostatin C. glucagon D. somatotropin E. insulin 13. The threshold for this taste is the lowest for any of the tastes. A. salty B. sweet C. sour D. bitter E. spicy 14. In females‚ the luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates _____‚ while in males‚ LH stimulates ______. A. development of eggs; sperm production B. development of eggs; secretion of testosterone C. secretion of estrogen/progesterone;
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accomplish this task in 3 main steps; these 3 steps are also called the 3 main roles of the nephron: Filtration‚ Reabsorption and Secretion. Fiftratffln Filtration is aecomplished by the movement of fluids from the blood into the Bowman’s capsule. Beabsorpttort Reatuorptias wolves the selective transfer of essential solutes and water back into the blood. Secretion Secretion Involves the movement of wastes from the blood into the mphron. 1. Filtration The renal artery carries blood into the kidney
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smaller peptide chains. Pepsin’s lowpH of about 2.0 kills microorganisms. The intrinsic factor binds with vitamin B12 and makes it more readily absorbed in the small intestine. Gastrin is a hormone the body produces that helps to regulate the stomach secretions as the hamburger is broken
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6 primary functions of digestive system: 1. Ingestion- food intake 2. Secretion 3. Digestion- mechanical & chemical breakdown of food Mechanical Mastication- first step. Enables mixing with saliva to form bolus to be swallowed. Regulated by CNS. Deglutition Mixing/Churning Peristalsis- movement of muscles within GI tract that facilitates movement of food Chemical- Hydrolysis (using H2O) of macromolecules into monomers (residues) carried out by digestive enzymes produced by salivary glands
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An example of chronic hormone secretion would be TSH. TSH is in everyone’s body. IF TSH levels in one’s body becomes out of normal range‚ this can cause thyroid disorders. Acute hormone secretion occurs when there is a disturbance in the hormone’s concentration and levels differentiate with stimulation. Example of acute hormone secretion would be the release of epinephrine in the body. For example‚ if a person is afraid of lightning
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function is made up of approximately a million[3] cell clusters called islets of Langerhans. Four main cell types exist in the islets. They are relatively difficult to distinguish using standard staining techniques‚ but they can be classified by their secretion: α cells secrete glucagon (increase glucose in blood)‚ β cells secrete insulin (decrease glucose in blood)‚ delta cells secrete somatostatin (regulates/stops α and β cells)‚ and PP cells or gamma cells‚ secrete pancreatic polypeptide.[4] The islets
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occurs is due to an increase in colonic fluid volume in the intestines. The increase in colonic fluid is a result of three physiologic mechanisms‚ which include active secretion‚ osmosis‚ and faulty water reabsorption. Two of three etiologies of diarrhea occur mainly in the small intestine: active secretion and osmosis. Active secretion pertains to bacterial invasions such as Vibrio cholerae‚ toxins‚ irritants‚ and excess bile and fat. According to Dr. Bharucha‚ diarrhea that’s caused by food poising
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formation of organs‚ and has the ability to stretch and contract passively. Bone‚ often referred to as osseous tissue‚ and blood are examples of specialized connective tissues. Conective tissues are cells that are suspended in a matrix of their own secretions. Muscle tissue -Muscle cells form the active contractile tissue of the body known as muscle tissue. Muscle tissue functions to produce force and cause motion‚ either locomotion or movement within internal organs. Muscle tissue is separated into
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