EVOLUTIONARY EXPLANATIONS Animal Aggression Lorenz- aggressive behaviour in animals have the following functions: • Selection of the fittest for survival • Aggression will protect the young animals for survival • Distribution of animal territories What are the criticisms of Lorenz? Human Aggression Benign Aggression and Malignant Aggression Nelson: the 3 basic factors affecting human aggression • Process of Learning: Social Learning theory-observation/imitation‚ Learning strategies
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Basic Instinct Basic Instinct is a 1992 American erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas‚ and starring Michael Douglas and Sharon Stone Basic Instinct establishes Tramell (Sharon Stone) as a successful crime novelist who is connected to the violent stabbing death of a rock musician‚ Johnny Boz. She is investigated by San Francisco homicide detectives Nick Curran (Michael Douglas) and Gus Moran (George Dzundza)‚ who learn that Boz died in exactly the same manner
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humans‚ as well as other animals‚ are innately aggressive and this often leads to violence when conflict situations arise. Indeed‚ conflict is an expression of the aggressive component of our biology. Aggression is a fighting instinct directed against people and it often leads to violence when conflict situations arise. To begin with‚ people are prone to use violence because they have inborn learning to it as they used to live in a close-to-nature society where it was the only possibility to
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Are Higher Pleasures Unique to Human Beings? John Stuart Mill argues in Utilitarianism that higher pleasures are unique to human beings. Higher pleasures are those pleasures that require some minimum of cognitive capacities to enjoy. More specifically‚ higher pleasures are intellectual pleasures while lower pleasures are sensual pleasures. Mill argues that animals are not capable of experiencing higher pleasures because animals are not aware of their higher facilities; animals lack the conscious
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Aggression WHAT IS AGGRESSION? Textbook defines it as ‘behaviour that is intended to harm another individual’ HOWEVER‚ there are numerous examples of behaviours that exhibit aggression: murdering for money‚ verbally and physically assaulting someone‚ accidentally injuring someone‚ working persistently to sell a product‚ and many‚ many more Almost every definition that psychologists have tried to come up with for ‘aggression’ can contradict a perfect example of something that is aggressive
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Aggression is a complicated phenomenon affected by hereditary and psychosocial factors. The meaning of aggression by society is physical or verbal behavior intended to cause harm. Many social psychologists have argued the topic of aggression with various viewpoints. According to Myers & Twenge‚ hostile aggression is aggression that springs from anger because its goal is to injure. (pg. 355) However‚ (Myers & Twenge‚ 2011) states that "instrumental aggression aims to injure‚ too‚ but only as a means
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The Pleasure Principle The purpose of life has been discussed since the beginning. No one knows the meaning of life‚ and if they do‚ they’re not telling. Even trying to write off life as having no point doesn’t satisfy anyone; it doesn’t’ make a difference. Brittany doesn’t like the egocentric view that humans take as to say the answer purpose of life exists solely within themselves‚ not animals or other species. We don’t agree that religion holds the answer to the question of the purpose of
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Is language an instinct? Before discussing this question‚ the definition or area of language should be considered first. Many introductions to the study of language‚ linguistics‚ avoid giving a definition‚ or consider it to be so obvious that it does not need to be defined (Harley‚ 1995). According to Gleason and Ratner (1998)‚ one of the properties attributed to language is that it is a uniquely human behaviour. Pinker (1994:334) points out that: nonhuman communication systems are based
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virtually endless pursuit of fun and pleasure. As we get older‚ we immerse ourselves with commitments and responsibilities. But ultimately‚ the world is filled with people like us‚ seeking happiness‚ pleasures and desires. The word pleasure has come to mean something bad to us today‚ but we tend to use the word in the wrong way. Having desires is not sin‚ it is something one is obligated to face simply by virtue of being human. Yet we restrain ourselves from pleasure and desires we should never have
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of human aggression One evolutionary explanation of human aggression is sexual jealousy. Infidelity triggers sexual jealousy which is an evolved adaptive response to infidelity. Men have developed many strategies from vigilance to violence to stop their partner committing adultery. Men never know for certain that the baby is theirs and could be investing in another man’s baby. In a questionnaire‚ if women reported that their partner did not like them talking to
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