MODULE-2 WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT Concept of Working Capital Working capital refers to short-term funds‚ need to meet operating expenses. It refers to the funds; to finance its day-to-day operations. It is concerned with current assets and current liabilities. If a firm can’t maintain a satisfactory level of working capital‚ it may become insolvent or bankrupt. Broadly there are 2 concepts of working capital‚ such as: 1. Gross Working Capital (Quantitative Concept) 2. Net working
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Choose an advertisement of your choice and write your comments according to the following guidelines: 1. What is the main message of the advertisement? (20 marks) The main message of the advertisement is to maintain sales by as follow:- a) To introduce a new product like the Bubur Ayam McD (McDonald’s Chicken Porridge) . b)To announce the modification of the product package like the change of the price by using the McDonald’s coupon and the special offer available during the festival season
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Segmentation/Targeting and Positioning Key marketing strategy decision making: How to divide up markets into meaningful customer groups (market segmentation)‚ choose which customer groups to serve (target marketing)‚ and created marketing offers that best serve targeted customers (positioning). A target market consists of a set of buyers who share common needs or characteristics that the company decides to serve. First Segmentation Example: 1 Sony 2 Instead of product managers‚ now
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SegmentationElaboration Geographic Segmentation Geographic segmentation involves a business dividing its market on the basis of geography. Market can be divided by geographical areas‚ such as by city‚ county‚ state‚ region (such as West Coast)‚ country‚ or international region (such as Asia). It can also be divided into rural‚ suburban‚ and urban market segments. Besides that‚ climate or total population in each area can also be the segmentation. According to The Body Shop‚ they set up the stores
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Automobile Segment Targeting There are many needs of consumers when they are looking for a vehicle to purchase or rent. However‚ some needs may not apply to each individual. I have included several things that different types of people would feel they need. * * Truck bed * Seating capacity (6+) * Compact (for speed) * Spacious * Trunk space * Additional storage * High pulling power * All-terrain capable * High-safety rating * High top speed and acceleration
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“ Basic marketing strategies consisting of market penetration‚ market development‚ product development‚ or diversification. Market development is a strategy involving the search for and exploitation of new markets for a product. Diversification is the process in which a company begins to engage in a new and different type of business. Market penetration is the percentage of a total market which the sales of a company cover. Product development is the process of improving an existing product line
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S NO. | NAME OF PRODUCT | MARKET SEGMENTATION | 1. | Gillette Mach 3(New Gillette MACH3 Sensitive is an advanced razor designed for men who want a closer‚ comfortable shave with less irritation3 – even on the most sensitive areas of the face.) | a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Male 2) Age: 16 and above 3) Income: 25‚000 and aboveb) Geographic: Urban areasc) Social Class: Middle class to Elite Class | 2. | Fair and Lovely(Fairness that changes your destiny.) | a) Demographic: 1) Gender: Female
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Geographic Segmentation Geographic segmentation calls for dividing the market into different geographical units such as nations‚ regions‚ states‚ counties‚ cities‚ or even neighborhoods. A company may decide to operate in one or a few geographical areas‚ or to operate in all areas but pay attention to geo-graphical differences in needs and wants. ACI Logistic Ltd (shwapno) today is localizing their products‚ advertising‚ promotion‚ and sales efforts to fit the needs of individual regions
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The Anatomy of Marketing Positioning Strategy in local Genesis Fitness Club Research has found that today’s organizations are moving towards target marketing. Segmentation‚ targeting and positioning are the three main steps in target marketing. (Kotler‚ Brown‚ Burton‚ Deans and Armstrong‚ 2010) The article aims to explain what market positioning is and how Genesis fitness club positions their services‚ by analyzing their positioning strategy from three interrelated subcomponents——Customer targets
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Revision for marketing: Topics 1 Activity 1.1 Why is understanding customers wants so critical for marketers? How are the concepts of value and satisfaction related to each other? Explain the differences between transactions and relationships. Activity 1.2 Now apply the issue discussed in Activity 1.1 to the following questions. Consumers usually choose from a tremendous variety of products and services to satisfy a given need or want. Consider your need for nourishment. How does that
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