67 vol. 2‚ 2012 TARGETING OF KEY INTEREST RATE AS A SOURCE OF CRISIS YANA SOKOLOVA St. Petersburg State University‚ Faculty of Economics‚ Russia Abstract In response to the world economic crisis of 2008 the authorities of many countries have launched policies of interest rate reduction through large-scale asset purchases on the open key rate targeting. The author explains how changes of the federal funds rate increased bank interest rate risk and provoked the recession of 2007-2009
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Global Positioning System Abstract- Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only system today able to show ones own position on the earth any time in any weather‚ anywhere. This paper addresses this satellite based navigation system at length. The different segments of GPS viz. space segment‚ control segment‚ user segment are discussed. In addition‚ how this amazing system GPS works‚ is clearly described. The various errors that degrade the performance of GPS are also
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Guidelines Topics Market Introduction of market segmentation (NOT FROM THE NOTES) Basis of market segmentation – Consumer characteristic approach - Demographic‚ Geographic‚ Psychographic‚ and Behavioral Segments. (There are many subdivisions under each base.) Consumer response approach – benefit‚ loyalty‚ usage and occasion Marketing Strategies – undifferentiated‚ differentiated and concentrated marketing strategies. Why segmentation the market Facilitates the right choice of target market
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Lee Valley Segmentation: Gardening Introduction Background Lee Valley——a family-owned business which has been providing customers of woodworking and gardening tools since 1978.Their reputation is based on three principles: 1. Customer satisfaction: Any product may be returned within 3 months and no cost to the customer (for shipments within North America‚ they will refund your return parcel post costs). 2. Integrity: Product descriptions are matched
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Portugal. By recognising this market and its products with distinct characteristics‚ we will perform a customer segmentation‚ which will allow us to divide the market into small groups. Through the segmentation of the lawnmower market‚ it will be possible to achieve a greater proximity to the final customer; create advertising media that target the identified segments; facilitate the positioning of the product; and obtain the return on investment by the company. The developments and technological diversity
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Prior to 1940 Rothko often painted deserted city environments‚ adopting an expressionistic style. Subway Scene (1938) is one such painting. It is the depiction of a subway station and features: a policeman and another figure next to a figure in a ticket booth and some turnstiles; two figures passing each other on some stairs descending to a lower level; a figure just entering into view via steps to the back left. There are also four large pillars and a large set of railings. There seems to be no
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must take effective measures to deliver and communicate the chosen position to target consumers. Marketing mix efforts should be synchronized to back the positioning strategy. If the company wants to build a position on better quality and service‚ it must first take necessary action to deliver that position. Tactical details of the positioning strategy must be worked out to guide the designing of marketing mix-product‚ price‚ place and promotion. A company that chooses a “high-quality position” must
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4.1 Market Segmentation NESCAFE’s customer’s bases are comprised of following target groups. • Local residents • Local business people • Students • Travelers passing through These groups are potentially strong customer segments. The benefit of this customer segmentation is that it helps to maintain consistentency in business throughout the year. The customer segments provide a consistent foundation of all years long. Also by appealing several market segments‚ NESCAFE does not become overly
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populations or a particular sector of a population. Most of the marketers nowadays believed that the demographic segmentation bases are the most popular and practical segmentation bases. Kotler(1984‚ p. 255) states that “demographic variables are the most popular bases for distinguishing customer groups”‚ possibly because the ease with which this kind of data can be collected. Demographic segmentation divided the market into groups of basis variables which consists of age‚ sex‚ income‚ and social class.
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BCG MATRIX OF HINDUSTAN UNILIVER LIMITED • • • • Cash cows :are units with high market share in a slow-growing industry. These units typically generate cash in excess of the amount of cash needed to maintain the business. They are regarded as staid and boring‚ in a "mature" market‚ and every corporation would be thrilled to own as many as possible. They are to be "milked" continuously with as little investment as possible‚ since such investment would be wasted in an industry with
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