posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In order to conceptualize her case‚ two theoretical models were used to explain the development and maintenance of her posttraumatic stress symptoms. These theoretical models have been recognized as Mowrer’s (1947) two-factor theory‚ and Ehlers and Clark’s (2000) cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Mowrer’s Two-Factor Theory Orval Hobart Mowrer’s (1947) two-factor theory has "combined both classical and operant process to provide an explanation"
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Summarise two recognized learning theories and explain their relevance to forest school. A learning theory can be defined as being a set of concepts which attempt to describe how people learn and develop (Dunn‚ 2000). Behaviourism. This theory takes an objective approach to observing quantifiable events and behaviour and has a focus on measurable outcomes. Watson (1878-1958) suggested that our learning and behaviour are controlled by the experiences we are exposed to and our response to them
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Personality traits can be influenced by countless aspects of an individual’s life: genetics‚ environment‚ and culture are key ingredients in a person’s traits and personality. According to Erickson our personality traits come in opposites. We think of ourselves as optimistic‚ pessimistic‚ independent or dependent which are inborn traits. McCrae et al. (2000) noted the optimal conditions for infant development must take into account the actual circumstances in which children in different cultures
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In this task I am going to identify 2 different theories of language development I am going to be doing‚ Naom Chomsky and Jean Piaget. Jean Piaget According to Piaget‚ language development is related to cognitive development‚ that is‚ the development of the child’s thinking determines when the child can learn to speak and what the child can say. For example‚ before a child can say‚ “This teddy is smaller than that one”‚ she/he must have developed the ability to judge differences in size.
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Function of Words Children who have begun to read independently are ready to learn about the function of words. To accomplish this‚ Maria Montessori developed special grammar symbols that make the study of the nine parts of speech a sensorial experience. These colorful symbols highlight the pattern created when words are put together a certain way and thereby assist the children in absorbing the structure of language. Grammar helps children become better writers. The sequence of introducing
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HOW TO PREPARE FOR EXAMS TIPS FOR STUDENTS 1. Prepare well for your tests and assignments Avoid cramming of concepts and take help of teachers to understand the topics that are not clear Set study targets for yourself at regular time-intervals and try your level best to achieve them Write and learn-It is the best technique of memorizing lessons When you start studying‚ learn the major concepts first Make notes as and when you read each chapter as this will help you in revising the subject
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CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION‚ MARCH 2013 LIST OF PRESCRIBED TEXTBOOKS 1. ENGLISH (01): PAPER 1. (Language) No specific book is being recommended for background reading. PAPER 2. (Literature in English) DRAMA : As You Like It : Shakespeare (edited by Roma Gill‚ Oxford University Press) OR Loyalties : John Galsworthy (edited by G.R. Hunter) PROSE: At least one of the following: (i) A Treasure Trove of Short Stories: Compiled and Edited by S. Chakravarthi (Frank Bros. & Co.) 1. 2.
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The disengagement theory of ageing Social scientists Elaine Cumming and William Henry outlined the disengagement theory of aging in 1961. The disengagement theory discusses the processes of aging‚ it states that as people get into later adulthood they could experience stages of loneliness and become withdrawn from society‚ for example friends and family. This theory suggests that this process is a natural part of growing old. One part of the theory states that people expect or know that they are
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Contrast and Two Sociological Theories This essay will compare and contrast and contrast two leading sociological theories: Marxism and Functionalism. Marxists predominantly believe that within society inequality and prejudice are rife‚ whereas Functionalists live under the impression that society operates in a state of social equilibrium wherein class and social status are necessities which we allow to transpire. This essay will explore the different viewpoints each theories take on subjects
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Personality Assessment Instrument Paper Alfredia McDowell PSYCH/504 April 21‚ 2012 Dr. Lucy Underwood Personality Assessment Instrument Paper Personality Assessment Instrument is a questionnaire that is used to describe a person personality trait. In this paper I will compare and contrast validity‚ comprehensiveness‚ applicability‚ and cultural utility as well as examine the strength and weakness of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator‚ Rorschach Inkblot Test‚ and the Self-Help Book on Anger and
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