in the paper employs both knowledge-based representations and neural networks to model students using non-domain specific parameters‚ such as browse strategies and ability to answer questions. The domain is structured in a hypermedia network using semantic linking that enables the system to automatically produce and weight new links. The weighting system is tailored according to a student ’s requirements and the student ’s ability level and is continuously updated. This novel paraigm is of great potential
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mind at the mention of cohesion is the word: text. A text can be written or spoken‚ prose or verse‚ dialogue or monologue‚ etc. It ranges from a few sentences to thousands. A text is not usually defined by size. It is not a grammatical unit but a semantic unit; it is a unit of language in use and any attempt to analyse a text usually shows that it is a product of an ongoing process of meaning. Cohesion prevents texts from being a mere collection of sentences. Johnstone maintains that cohesion is “what
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Semantics and Theories of Semantics Semantics is the study of meaning in language. We know that language is used to express meanings which can be understood by others. But meanings exist in our minds and we can express what is in our minds through the spoken and written forms of language (as well as through gestures‚ action etc.). The sound patterns of language are studied at the level of phonology and the organisation of words and sentences is studied at the level of morphology and syntax.
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| Tashkent - 2012 CONTENS INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 Phraseology – branch of Lexicology…5 1.1.Phraseology as a science..5 1.2.The main specifications of phraseology…9 Chapter 2 Semantic groups of idioms in modern English…16 2.1 Idioms and their peculiarities……16 2.4 Semantic groups of idioms and their classification…..18 Chapter 3 The translation of phraseological units……25 3.1. Transformation of idioms in the context…..25 3.2. Phraseological problems of translation……
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words. In this regard‚ Lexical-semantic relations are significant in forming a highly structured system‚ the lexicon‚ thesauri‚ taxonomies and ontology (Khoo & Na 2006). Green (2001) said that “relationships are involved as we combine simple entities to form more complex entities‚ as we compare entities‚ as we group entities‚ as one entity performs a process on another entity‚ and so forth” (cited in Richard Simaraglia 2012‚ p 8). Antonymy is one such lexical semantic relation. Interestingly enough
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COHERENCE AND COHESION ========================================================== Abstract This paper discusses that a meaningful English text is always coherent. Also‚ the role of cohesion in a coherent English text is discussed in the light of literature. In order to further understand the significance of cohesion in discourse‚ we have analysed two English texts; a poem‚ ’Daffodils ’ by William Wordsworth and an advertisement from a UK website gumtree.co.uk. A report is then developed on the
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* Generalization * Dependency * Realization * Constraint Rules and Notes Classes * A class is the description of a set of objects having similar attributes‚ operations‚ relationships and behavior. Associations * A semantic relationship between two or more classes that specifies connections among their instances. * A structural relationship‚ specifying that objects of one class are connected to objects of a second (possibly the same) class. * Example: “An Employee
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at lecture time] Some key terms: syntax: subject‚ verb‚ object; language types; semantics (”Colorless green ideas…”); pragmatics. Jan. 20 Language structure analysis. Language‚ Culture‚ and Cognition. (hdt. #3.0 & 3.01) Readings: Bonvillain‚ Chaps. 2-cont. (pp. 22-27‚ 37-39) & 3 (pp. 41-63) Some key terms: Sapir-Whorf hypothesis; semantic or vocabulary domain; color language and color cognition; lexical classifications and ethnoscientific
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mortality in Hamlet and Lady Lazarus. In both Lady Lazarus and Hamlet the semantic field of mortality and death can be clearly seen. Hamlet’s second soliloquy‚ ‘To be or not to be’ can be found in act three‚ when Polonius and Claudius are hiding behind a wall listening to how Hamlet responds to Ophelia. Although there is a huge time difference between when they were written it is surprisingly similar in its semantic field of vocabulary to Lady Lazarus written in the 1950s by Sylvia Plath. There
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relationships 4. Word formation 5. Special vocabularies Bibliography: 1. Jackson‚ H. and Angela E.Z. – Words‚ meaning and vocabulary‚ 2000. 2. Bauer‚ Laurie – English Word formation‚ 1983. 3. Horia Hulban- Synthesis in English lexicology and Semantics‚ 2001. 4. Corneliu Nicolescu – Anglia si spiritul englez‚ 2010. 5. Vladimir Moss – Caderea Angliei ortodoxe‚ 2010. 6. E.L. Edward – History of England‚ 1947. 7. Adrian Poruciuc – A Concise History of the English Language‚ 2004. 1. Introduction
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