EXPERIMENT 4: Synthesis of Salicylic Acid from Wintergreen Oil Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to take methyl salicylate (wintergreen oil) and by heating it under reflux with NaOH as a solvent‚ and then cooling the mixture with H2SO4 as another solvent‚ synthesize salicylic acid. The final step involves purify the product to produce as pure a sample of salicylic acid as possible. This process allowed for the successful production of 1.406g salicylic acid‚ an 82.70% yield. The NMR and IR
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DETERMINATION OF COPPER BY COMPLEXATION‚ SOLVENT-EXTRACTION AND SPECTROPHOTOMETRY ABSTRACT To determine the concentration of copper in an unknown solution by using copper complexation‚ solvent extraction and spectrophotometry. Standards are used to create a calibration curve and the unknown concentration of copper is then calculated by using the linear equation from the calibration curve. The concentration of copper in the unknown solution 201 was found to be 12.57± 0.25 μg/mL. INTRODUCTION Copper
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Emergence of Liquid Fund as a Prominent Option for Treasury Management Executive Summary All organisations maintain current accounts in banks to ensure prompt deposit and withdrawal of money‚ while the money in the current account does not fetch any return. With increase in competition and squeezing of profit margins‚ measures were required to utilize the money lying idle in the current account without hampering the prompt flow of money. Liquid funds provide the solution for utilization of
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The Solid State General characteristics of solid state: Definite mass‚ volume and shape Short intermolecular distances Strong intermolecular forces Fixed lattice positions of the constituent particles Incompressibility and rigidity Classification of the solid state: Crystalline Amorphous (sometimes called pseudo solids or super-cooled liquids) Differences between the crystalline and amorphous solids Crystalline Have definite characteristic geometrical shape Melt at a sharp and characteristic temperature
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SOP: Solid phase extraction of cylindrospermopsin in filtered water samples Document identifier: SOP_TOXIC_UDU_05F Prepared by: James S. Metcalf and Geoffrey A. Codd‚ UDU Date: 7 July 2005 1 Introduction In order to determine the concentration of cylindrospermopsin in the extracellular fraction of filtered environmental waters‚ solid phase extraction (SPE) is necessary to concentrate the toxin to concentrations capable of being detected by HPLC. 2 Experimental 2.1 Materials
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Extraction of DNA from Calf or Hog Thymus/Isolation of Yeast RNA I. Abstract Nucleic acids may be divided into two groups RNA and DNA. DNA contains almost all the genetic information while RNA serves as the bridge between the DNA and proteins. Study of both DNA and RNA initially involves proper extraction/isolation. The storehouse of eukaryotic DNA is the nucleus (and in the mitochondria)‚ so experimentally‚ DNA is extracted from tissues that have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic mass ratio‚ such
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Organic Chemistry/Biochemistry 1: Compounds Important to Life • Biologists classify compounds into organic compounds and inorganic compounds. Organic Compound: a compound that is derived from living things and contains carbon Inorganic Compound: a compound generally derived nonliving things • Water Water is an inorganic molecule with unique properties that make it one of the most important compounds for living things. In the water molecule (H2O)‚ the hydrogen and oxygen atoms bond
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COrdination compounds Question 9.1: Explain the bonding in coordination compounds in terms of Werner’s postulates. =Werner’s postulates explain the bonding in coordination compounds as follows: (i) A metal exhibits two types of valencies namely‚ primary and secondary valencies. Primary valencies are satisfied by negative ions while secondary valencies are satisfied by both negative and neutral ions. (In modern terminology‚ the primary valency corresponds to the oxidation number of the metal
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Organic and Inorganic Compounds Organic Compounds | Inorganic Compounds | *Organic Compounds are composed of few elements only.C‚ H‚O‚N‚S‚P and halogens are the most common. | * Inorganic Compounds are composed of all the known elements. | *They are generally found in living matter‚ i.e.‚ animals and plants. | *They are generally obtained from non-living matter‚ i.e.‚ minerals. | *They are usually gases‚ liquids or solids having low melting points. | *They are usually solids having high melting
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in acid-base titrations Objectives 1. To understand the importance of choosing suitable indicators for detecting the end points of acid-base titrations. 2. To obtain titration curves for some acid-base titrations. Introduction Indicator is usually a weak organic acid or base that has distinctly different colours in its protonated and deprotonated forms. There are 4 types of acid-base titrations such as strong acid-weak base titration‚ weak acid-strong base titration‚ strong acid-strong
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