EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The main objective of this project was to carry out a design on the Propane distillation column for a process that produces 1‚3 Butadiene. The raw materials used are Butane‚ Oxygen and Water and the process capacity is 100 000 tonnes per annum nominal. In the previous work it was stated that the plant is located in China. The main location of the plant is in the capital city of the Gansu Provence‚ Lanzhou. This was decided as the location over other provinces due to the excellent
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Simple Distillation Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale and Microscale Approach. 4th Edition. By Gilbert and Martin. Section: 4.4 Introduction: Distillation is a technique used to purify various liquids. In a simple distillation‚ a liquid is boiled and the vapors work through the apparatus until they reach the condenser where they are cooled and reliquified. Liquids are separated based upon their differences in boiling point in which each pure substance is at least greater than 40-50
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Absolut Vodka’s Absolute Global Marketing On a lovely morning of September 2009‚ with the fiftieth “beep”‚ Steven scanned the last bottle of the limited edition Absolut Vodka 2009 on the spirits Shelf of Selfridges London. The latest special-edition bottles of Absolut - packaged in a dramatic heavy-metal rock style‚ wrapped with golden studs and gray leather‚ rapidly become a spot light among the shelf‚ the whole spirit of Rock n’ Roll are simple illustrated by the new design‚ and just as its normal
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ABSOLUT FACTS • ABSOLUT VODKA‚ introduced in the US in 1979‚ is the fourth largest international premium spirit in the world and is available in more than 150 markets. ABSOLUT VODKA is the number two brand of premium vodka worldwide. (Source: Impact International) • Since its launch in 1979‚ ABSOLUT VODKA has achieved significant worldwide sales growth‚ from 10‚000 nine-liter cases (90‚000 liters) to 11.0 million nine-liter cases in 2010 (99.0 millions of liters).Every bottle of ABSOLUTVODKA
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In the experiment of distillation we separated two miscible liquids. The purpose of distillation is to identify and purify compounds. We began our experiment by setting up an apparatus for macroscale simple distillation. We used 60 ml of Cyclohexane/ Toluene. We began with the temperature at 50 degrees Celsius. Unfortunately‚ we reached an error when the compounds evaporated too rapidly. The compounds evaporated so quickly that we lost data from 2 ml to 13 ml. The heat was lowered and as a result
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FRACTIONAL RESERVE BANKING Fractional reserve banking is a system under which bankers keep as reserves only a fraction of the funds they hold on deposit. This system has three features: • Bank Profitability By getting deposits at zero interest and lending some of them out at positive interest rates‚ goldsmiths made profits. The history of banking as a profitmaking industry was begun and has continued to this date. Banks‚ like other enterprises‚ are in business to earn profits. • Bank Discretion
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Distillation Alcoholic distillation is basically the process of separation the more volatile component‚ alcohol‚ from the less volatile component‚ water‚ from a water/alcohol solution‚ by heating the solution and condensing and collecting the alcohol rich vapours released‚ as a high alcohol strength liquid (spirit). The starting material for most distillations‚ such as wine for brandy and beer for whisky‚ are usually weak alcoholic solutions (5%-7% v/v ethanol) This seems counter intuitive
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Discussion: Continuous distillation‚ a form of distillation‚ is an ongoing separation in which a mixture is continuously (without interruption) fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously as output streams. A distillation is the separation or partial separation of a liquid feed mixture into components or fractions by selective boiling (or evaporation) and condensation. A distillation produces at least two output fractions. These fractions include at least one volatile
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GOAL The goal of this experiment was to separate Toluene and Hexane by distillation and gas chromatography based on their difference in boiling points. The boiling point of hexane is 69 degrees Celsius and the boiling point of toluene is 110 degrees Celsius. Three fractions were collected for both simple and fractional distillation. The first fraction was hexane since it had the lower boiling point. The second fraction was a mixture of toluene and hexane. The third fraction was toluene since it had
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Separation of Mixtures Mixtures exist in many forms in the world‚ and if it were not for methods of separation‚ many of these substances would be meaningless to us. Separating mixtures is extremely important to human lives; for example‚ many people filter water so that it is safe for drinking. Mixtures contain two or more substances that are not in a fixed ratio‚ and while some mixtures‚ such as concrete‚ are useful‚ others including salt water‚ are not as useful to us. Filtration‚ distillation
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