Essential Fatty Acids (EFAs) are fats that are required by the human body‚ but cannot be made by the body; therefore they must be obtained from external forces such as food. EFAs are the building blocks of all fats and oils and are required for both metabolic processes and for fuel. EFAs form the main component in the fats carried in our blood stream (triglycerides)‚ fats stored in our bodies and of cell membranes (phospholipids). (Erasmus‚ 1993)‚ (Wikipedia‚ Essential Fatty Acids‚ 2012) Two fundamental
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DETERMINATION OF FRUIT ACIDS BY TITRATION AND CALCULATION OF THE SUGAR/ACID RATIO It is the sugar/acid ratio which contributes towards giving many fruits their characteristic flavour and so is an indicator of commercial and organoleptic ripeness. At the beginning of the ripening process the sugar/acid ratio is low‚ because of low sugar content and high fruit acid content‚ this makes the fruit taste sour. During the ripening process the fruit acids are degraded‚ the sugar content increases and
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October 9‚ 2013 Partner(s): Acetylsalicylic Acid Synthesis Theory. This experiment was carried out to see how the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring in salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride to form an ester‚ and to make aspirin. Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid occurs by protonation of carbonyl (C=O) group‚ and a nucleophilic attack of OH on the acetic anhydride. The ferric chloride test and melting point were used to test the purity of the results. A hypothesized recovery rater of above
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Essay March 28‚ 2014 ACID RAIN ENVIRONMENAL EFFECTS What is acid rain? It’s a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic‚ meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. The most obvious environmental effect of acid rain has been the loss
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lab‚ caproic acid was synthesized in a multi-step process that involved the synthesis of three intermediates – diethyl n-butylmalonate‚ potassium n-butylmalonate‚ and n-butyl malonic acid respectively. An IR was used to characterize the starting material‚ n-bromobutane‚ and the first intermediate‚ diethyl n-butylmalonate; while IR and NMR were used to characterize the final product‚ caproic acid. Reactions‚ Mechanism and Theory Caproic acid a.k.a n-hexanoic acid is a carboxylic acid derived from
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A buffer is an aqueous solution that allows resistance to significant change in pH when small amounts of strong acids or base are added to it. (Boundless‚ 2015) This is usually formed when a weak acid is added to a salt of its conjugate base. (Chemicool.com‚ 2014) When an Alka Seltzer tablet is dissolved in water‚ a buffer is formed when the weak acid citric acid is present with sodium citrate (citrate ion) the conjugate base (Buffer Balancing Acts Buffers‚ 2009) "Na3C3H5O7 (aq) + 3 HCl (aq)
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The acid-base titration curves help to find the pKa‚ Ka‚ and pH at equivalent point. At the beginning pH for HCl is 1.90 which is lower than the 3.28 for acetic acid; thus‚ strong acid (HCl) means lower pH and weak acid (acetic acid) means higher pH. Then at the equivalent point for the titration HCl-NaOH the pH is 7‚ which mans that is neutral‚ in other words there are enough NaOH mmol to neutralize the HCl mmol present; also‚ the solution contains only water and NaCl the salt derived from the titration
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Experiment #7: Acids‚ Bases and Salts Mabag‚ Viannery D.‚ Mangune‚ Paolo D. Chem 14.1‚ MAB1‚ Ms. Angelyn del Rosario March 8‚ 2010 I. Abstract The experiment allowed students to explore different electrolytes and classify them into acids‚ bases and salts by using different indicators or by measuring the pH levels of each. The experiment also helped students classify different substances through their conductivity properties. The preparation of a 1 M stock solution from NaOH pellets diluted to a
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Trimyrisitin to Sodium Myristate to Myrisitic Acid Mandy Boyle Chem 213‚ Section 002 Due Date: December 3‚ 2009 I. Introduction People encounter esters everyday in both natural and synthesized forms. Esters are present in a variety of common compounds‚ from fragrances to animal fat (McMurry‚ 2008). Although these esters can undergo many different important reactions‚ this lab is particularly interested in the hydrolysis of esters into carboxylic acids and alcohols. Companies such as Dove‚ Palmolive
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dew‚ or dry particles. • more accurate term is "acid precipitation." • defined as any type of precipitation with a pH that is unusually low The Causes: • occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are emitted into the atmosphere‚ undergo chemical transformations and are absorbed by water droplets in clouds • then fall to earth as rain‚ snow‚ mist‚ dry dust‚ hail‚ or sleet. • Dissolved carbon dioxide dissociates to form weak carbonic acid giving a pH of approximately 5.6 at typical atmospheric
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