total oil consumption. And of the five per cent approximately 40 per cent of all plastics are used in packaging. This puts special pressure on the EUR 500billion packaging industry to reduce dependence on oil. Alleviating such heavy reliance on petroleum‚ the use of renewable natural resources in industrial applications will reduce carbon footprint attributable to consumption. However‚ undertaking the movement to create more environmentally friendly plastic should not compromise the quality or economic
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INTRODUCTION:- IndianOil is India’s flagship national oil company with business interests straddling the entire hydrocarbon value chain – from refining‚ pipeline transportation and marketing of petroleum products to exploration & production of crude oil & gas‚ marketing of natural gas and petrochemicals. It is the leading Indian corporate in the Fortune ’Global 500’ listing‚ ranked at the 83rd position in the year 2012. With over 34‚233-strong workforce‚ IndianOil has been helping to
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THE STATE OIL COMPANY OF THE AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC The State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR) is involved in exploring oil and gas fields‚ producing‚ processing‚ and transporting oil‚ gas‚ and gas condensate‚ marketing petroleum and petrochemical products in domestic and international markets‚ and supplying natural gas to industry and the public in Azerbaijan. Three production divisions‚ two oil refineries and one gas processing plant‚ an oil tanker fleet‚ a deep water platform fabrication
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(1969) •Nigeria (1971) •Ecuador (1973) – suspended membership 1992-2007 •Angola (2007) •Gabon (1975–1994) Objectives of Opec • OPEC’s objective is to co-ordinate and unify petroleum policies among Member Countries in order to secure fair and stable prices for petroleum producers; an efficient‚ economic and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations; and a fair return on capital to those investing in the industry. • OPEC was formed at a time when the international oil market was largely dominated
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hydrodesulfurization or HDS? Stating its definition‚ hydroheating is to remove sulfur. Still don’t understand well let me break it down for you. Hydrodesulfurization is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur compounds from refined petroleum products such as gasoline or petrol‚ jet fuel‚ kerosene‚ diesel fuel and fuel oils. It’s important because removing the sulfur is to reduce the sulfur dioxide emission resulting from using those fuels in automotive vehicle‚ aircraft‚ railroad locomotives
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available‚ resulting in mistrust between civil society and the government. Moreover‚ many developing countries fail to tell their citizens that oil revenues are a time-limited phenomenon and the country must take advantage of the years of income from hydrocarbon exploitation to expand its agriculture and industry. It must be made clear that the resource is finite and so are the streams of revenue that result from it. Any long-term added value that
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reasons. They are a major source of energy and provide essential lipid nutrients. This experiment determined the components of each eluents. Lipids were based upon their polarity using column chromatography. The eluents used were 9:1 mixture of petroleum ether:ethyl ether‚ 5% methanol in dichloromethane and dichloromethane:methanol:water (1:3:1). The results obtained were analyzed and it showed that the the lipids are eluted by increasing polar solvents. The lipids present in the crude extract were
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carbonate [pic] salt + carbon dioxide gas + water HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s)[pic] CaCl(s) + CO2(g) + H2O ▪ acid + hydrogen carbonate [pic]salt + carbon dioxide gas + water (note: there is CO2 solid‚ its dry ice) – Complete combustion: ▪ hydrocarbon + oxygen [pic] water + carbon dioxide – Displacement reactions: ▪ Y + X (anion)[pic] X + Y (anion); where Y > X on activity series or Eo table. • Alkene/alkane reactions: – Cracking of pentane: ▪ pentane [pic] ethylene + propane
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"Pollution affects two essential aspects of our planet: air and water. Although their pollutants are emitted in different ways‚ they both harm all living organisms. Air pollution is predominately emitted through the exhaust of motor vehicles and the combustion of fossil fuels‚ whereas water pollution is the result of industrial waste and environmental accidents. Our society knows that pollution is harmful and a serious problem for Earth but generally people don’t care. Nevertheless everybody needs
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BP’s business model is to create value across the entire hydrocarbon value chain. This starts with exploration and ends with the supply of energy and other products that are fundamental to everyday life At each stage of the hydrocarbon value chain there are opportunities for us to create value – both through the successful execution of activities that are core to our industry‚ and through the application of our own distinctive strengths and capabilities in performing those activities. Our activities
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