1. Describe the process that leads to each of the cellular adaptations (atrophy‚ hypertrophy‚ hyperplasia‚ metaplasia‚ and dysplasia) (5 answers total 8 points each‚ 40 points total) Atrophy is the decrease in cell size due to stress or injury. If enough cells undergo atrophy‚ an entire organ can become atrophic. There are two types of atrophy: physiological and pathological. Physiological atrophy occurs during early development while pathological atrophy can be caused by a number of factors including
Premium Alzheimer's disease Brain Neuron
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is a common finding in preterm infants‚ and can contribute to the development of other complications. The aim of this paper is to critique recent research and literature around the use of paracetamol in treating PDA. Background In the foetal circulation‚ the primary role of the DA is to divert the ventricular output away from the lungs towards the placenta in utero by its connection between the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta. Its patency is regulated by
Premium Ibuprofen Paracetamol Renal failure
a newborn‚ the negative impact of hypoxia can be reduced. Again‚ selective head cooling is not without its adverse effects. A recent review by Geurts et al. (2013) found that “therapeutic hypothermia” may lead to an increased risk of pneumonia and sepsis. Others have stated that selective head cooling in patients with brain injury can lead to electrolyte abnormalities (Polderman et al.‚ 2001). The efficacy of this method is also dependent on the severity of the hypoxic-ischemia. There was a significant
Premium Pregnancy Childbirth Autism
Lauren Clayton BIOL–15 Extra Credit Bugs‚ Guts‚ and Brains Seminar Summary During the seminar “Bugs‚ guts and brains: How gut microbiota shapes your mind and body” on November 7‚ Physiologist from UC Davis‚ Dr. Helen Raybould discussed how gut microbes in humans and animals affects neurophysiology based primarily on the foods we eat and the genes expressed in the gut. There is an intersection between micro and host physiology that affects the overall health and behavior of the host. To understand
Premium Gut flora Bacteria
Sickle cell disease and the hope of stem cell therapies; ethics in the treatment sickle cell. The past half century has been an era of rapid discoveries: from the humble beginnings of molecular biology‚ discovery of the structure of DNA‚ research on recombinant DNA‚ the discovery of the human embryonic stem cell (ESC)‚ the completion of the Human Genome Projects‚ mammalian cloning and the discovery of ntESCs (nuclear transfer ESCs) by somatic cell nuclear transfer and the ethical sigh of relief
Premium Stem cell Hemoglobin Red blood cell
1. It will be most important for the nurse to check pulse oximetry for which of these patients? a. A patient with emphysema and a respiratory rate of 16 b. A patient with massive obesity who is refusing to get out of bed c. A patient with pneumonia who has just been admitted to the unit d. A patient who has just received morphine sulfate for postoperative pain C Rationale: Hypoxemia and hypoxemic respiratory failure are caused by disorders that interfere with the transfer of oxygen into the
Premium Blood Blood pressure Cardiology
remains high in Bangladesh at a ratio of 3.2. Only 13% deliveries are attended by skilled birth attendants‚ 92% deliveries take place at home and institutional delivery is only 8%. Major causes of maternal death are hemorrhage‚ eclampsia‚ puerperal sepsis and obstructed labour. In Bangladesh every year about 3 million deliveries take place and around 12 thousand mothers die due to pregnancy related causes. On the other hand every year two hundred thousand mothers suffer from long-term ailments due
Premium Demography Population
Female Genital Mutilation – Violating Women’s Rights and Bodies Female Genital Mutilation is often abbreviated “FGM” and is also known as Female Genital Cutting (FGC) or Female Circumcision. According to the World Health Organization‚ there are 4 major types of practices. The most common one is the Clitoridectomy‚ a partial or total removal of the clitoris. The Excision is the partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora and/or the labia majora‚ the inner and outer lips
Premium Female genital cutting
ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF BEE’s HONEY IN COMPARISON TO ANTIBIOTICS ON ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM INFECTED BURNS‚ WOUNDS AND HARMONIZED METHODS OF MELISSOPALYNOLOGY. PROJECT GUIDE: Dr. JAGAN MOHAN REDDY STUDENTS: MANASA.D.A (1AY09BT011) SANJUKTA BANERJEE (1AY09BT019) SANDHYA.S (1AY09BT018) DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ACHARYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ACHARYA
Premium Honey
Neonatal Hypoglycaemia‚ a Literature Review. The key words used when researching this review: Neonatal hypoglycaemia/hypoglycemia‚ New-born hypoglycaemia‚ Low plasma glucose level‚ New-born/Infant low blood sugar‚ Hypoglycaemia in preterm/high risk neonates‚ Hypoglycaemia/breastfeeding‚ gluconeogenesis/ketone bodies. The databases and search engines used: Google scholar‚ CINHAL and Medline. Hypoglycaemia is common among neonates‚ therefore Healthcare professionals must be aware of the risk factors
Premium Blood sugar