the Legislative Commission of 1767-8 and the Nakaz. What ideas were put forth? What was the role of Catherine the Great? For whom were these changes discussed and debated? 1) In December 1766‚ Catherine II called upon the free "estates" (nobles‚ townspeople‚ state peasants‚ Cossacks) and central government offices to select deputies to attend a commission to participate in the preparation of a new code of laws. The purpose of the commission was therefore consultative; it was not intended to
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Chapter 27 1. Russia overturned its conservative policies in many ways. Alexander II removed the serfdom. Cultural nationalism led to political demands and worried the state. Their lust to become as successful as the west led them to industrialize. The lower classes suffered greatly in this time period‚ and they demanded better living conditions. Since the serfdom was disestablished‚ the government gave them land‚ but they would only be able to leave if they paid off the debt on the land. Many
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Russia was very selective‚ he did in fact leave out several western ideas that he didn’t want apart of new his Russian culture. He wanted to keep Russia’s economic structure intact with serfdom and landlords rather than implementing a wage based system. He felt the agriculture and landscape of Russia better fit the serfdom system. He also did not embrace the parliamentary monarchies of the west‚ which
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higher status. The two main social classes involved in the German Peasant War were landlords and peasants. The peasants labored on the lords’ land‚ working for them. The majority of peasants were obliged to lords; this arrangement was referred to as serfdom. In the 1500s‚ a social transformation began as feudalism began to diminish. At this same time‚ Martin Luther was publishing his 95 theses in 1517; attacking the Roman Catholic Church‚ which later kickstarted the Protestant Reformation. The Protestant
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achievements was his supervision of the revision and collection of French law into codes. The new law code incorporated some of the freedoms gained by the people of France during the French revolution‚ including religious toleration and the abolition of serfdom. The most famous of the codes‚ the Code Napoleon or Code Civil‚ still forms the basis of French civil law. Napoleon also centralized France’s government by appointing prefects to administer regions called departments‚ which France was divided. Over
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would ultimately always benefit him. "Code Napoleon" proved to live up to the ideals expressed in the Declaration of the Rights of Man‚ by incorporating the great principles of 1789: freedom of religion‚ protection of private property‚ abolition of serfdom‚ and secularization of the state‚ but also failed to live up to many of the main ideas traced in the prior law code including equality before the law‚ careers open to talent‚ and freedom of opinion. Even though many ideas from the French revolution
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really unfortunate that the IMF provides loans not to help countries build and improve their infrastructure‚ but only to keep them indebted. Debt is a powerful mechanism that keeps not just individuals‚ but entire nations in a cycle of perpetual serfdom. In order to pay off their debt‚ they must continue to borrow. However‚ in order to continue to borrow‚ they must be open to outside trade which continues to deteriorate their economy‚ as local businesses shut down‚ unable to compete with lower
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men to Siberia. Divided into secret societies throughout the Russian Empire‚ the northern society led by Sergei Trubetskoy‚ and the southern society‚ led by Paul Pestel; the Decembrists had one main philosophy‚ fight for the complete abolition of serfdom‚ the only way to drive Russia’s economic and social progress. In regard to the Decembrist revolution of 1825‚ this paper will argue that although these revolutionaries weren’t successful in achieving their goal of overthrowing autocratic rule in
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nobles. These serfs were the private property of their owners‚ often beaten for no or little reason. They had no freedom; it was up to their owners to consent any proposed marriages. Since 1649‚ when serfdom was legally established as a means of attaching peasants to the land of the nobility‚ serfdom had been a key factor in making the noble families wealthier and making it impossible for the serfs to break out of their enslavement. Although when Alexander II became Tsar he made it clear that he
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Joseph II of Austria was determined to make changes on the state and at the same time enhancing the Habsburg power throughout Europe. One of the major parts of the Enlightenment that Frederick had not been able to secure was the ability to abolish serfdom. Serfdom could not be abolished in Prussia due to Frederick’s dependence on them for tending to the army and ruling his bureaucracy. Joseph II was in the favor of the peasants while Frederick was trying to get on the nobilities "good-side." Joseph II
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