EXPERIMENT 5 SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE INTO ITS COMPONENTS BY FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION Introduction: Fractional crystallization is one of the experimental techniques used to separate or purify mixture. Fractional crystallization makes use of the differences of solubility to separate the components of a mixture. Goals: Applying fractional crystallization to separate a mixture of salicylic acid and copper sulfate pentahydrate into its components. Calculate the percent of salicylic
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Pumping Systems: Parallel and Series Configurations For some piping system designs‚ it may be desirable to consider a multiple pump system to meet the design requirements. Two typical options include parallel and series configurations of pumps. Specific performance criteria must be met when considering these options. Given a piping system which has a known design flow rate and head requirements‚ Qdes‚ hdes‚ the following pump selection criteria apply. Pumps in Parallel: Assuming that the pumps are
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Purpose: To observe epithelial tissue by using a microscope to compare prepared slides. Introduction: Epithelial tissue covers the whole surface of the body. It is made up of cells closely packed and ranged in one or more layers. This tissue is specialized to form the covering or lining of all internal and external body surfaces. Epithelial tissue can be divided into two groups depending on the number of layers of which it is composes. Epithelial tissue which is only one cell thick is known as
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EXPERIMENT 1: TITLE: ISOMERISM AND KINETICS IN COORDINATION CHEMISTRY OBJECTIVE: 1. To prepare and study the kinetics of the interconversion of some of the isomers of a typical coordination compound. INTRODUCTION: Isomerism played a central role to establish the basic concept in coordination chemistry while reaction kinetics of coordination compound is known as the area of continuing intense research activity. The mechanism of the reactions of coordination compounds relevance
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Synthesis of Butyl Benzoate Using Phase Transfer Catalysis The objective of the experiment is to synthesize the butly benzoate by nucleophilic substitution and characterize it by IR spectroscopy. The percent yield of the final product is determined after the synthesis. Procedures: 2.0 mL of 1-bromobutane‚ 3.0 g of sodium benzoate‚ 5.0 mL of water‚ 4 drops of Aliquat 336‚ and a boiling stone were placed in a 50mL round-bottomed flask. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 1 hour and the flask
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Introduction: During this laboratory exercise will identify by the graph given which is isotonic‚ hypotonic‚ or hypertonic. The kidneys are a pair of fist-sized organs located outside the peritoneal cavity on each side of the spine. The kidney is a highly specialized organ that maintains the internal environment of the body by selectively excreting or retaining various substances according to specific body needs. The process of urine formation and adjustment of blood composition involves three
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Questions and Hypothesis: Seed germination‚ plant growth‚ and sprouting of leaves are affected by several factors: supply of nutrients‚ water‚ exposure to sunlight‚ and conditions of surroundings. Due to certain stimuli in the surroundings plant “hormones” cause plants to behave in ways that ensure the most efficient use of resources while preserving the most energy. One stimulus to consider‚ is the exposure of plants to sunlight; when plants are just sprouting and are underground‚ the sti
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dependent on the properties of both the input signal and the processes acting on the signal. This is a laboratory Report will be focusing on using Fourier series to analyze waveforms and the synthesis of waveforms. The report highlights Fourier series analysis is a simple effective approach to analyse periodic signals. It will guide the reader through an experiment conducted in a lab to examine the effects of using Fourier analysis on signals and their waveforms. It should help the reader get a better
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there exist parallel universes‚ exactly like our universe. (2)These universes are all related to ours; indeed‚ they branch off from ours‚ and our universe is branched off of others. Within these parallel universes‚ our wars have had different outcomes than the ones we know. Species that are extinct in our universe have evolved and adapted in others. In other universes‚ we humans may have become extinct. (3)For many years‚ science fiction writers have linked the notion of a parallel universe to hyperspace
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Title : Measuremnt of pH With Indicators Aim : 1.To investigate concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acic and colour changes of indicators 2.To determine standard solutions and the unknowns Variables Independent variable : Concentration of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid.The presence of hydrogen ions is varied by using 5 different concentration of hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L‚0.01mol/L‚0.001mol/L‚0.0001mol/L‚0.0000mol/L Dependent variable : Colour changes of indicators
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