Mary the Nursing Student Mary is 39 -year-old LPN and single mother who is attending a local community college to prepare for an A.S. degree in nursing so she can then become an RN. Mary has not been feeling well for several months. She has had bouts of nausea‚ a low fever‚ and has found that she no longer enjoys eating and smoking as much as she used to. She has also noticed that her urine is darker than usual and she has yellowing of her eyes. She has noted that she has a puffy appearance
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Fatima Khan Q: WHAT IS THE CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF URIC ACID AND CREATININE? ANSWER: URIC ACID Uric acid is a weak organic acid‚ the end product of purine nucleotides degradation. The findings of human pathological levels of uric acid in serum and urine have in most patients serious clinical implications. Uric acid is a useful diagnostic tool as screening for most of purine metabolic disorders. The importance of uric acid measurement in plasma and urine with respect of metabolic disorders is
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phenobarbitone (60 mg/kg). The serum was separated by centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 10 min and analyzed for biochemical parameters such as serum urea‚ uric acid and electrolytes. Serum urea was measured using the commercially available kit (Liquicheck AGAPPE Diagnostics LTD)‚ following the GLDH-Urease method (Tietz‚ 1976). The amount of creatinine in serum was estimated using Liquicheck AGAPPE Diagnostics commercial kit according to Picrate method (Cook‚ 1975). Serum uric acid level was determined
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the molecular weight of Cl-? 35.45 3. Which MWCO dialysis membranes allowed both of these ions through?50‚100‚ 200 4. Which materials diffused from the left beaker to the right beaker? Urea‚ NaCl and glucose diffused 5. Which did not? Why? Albumin was too large to diffuse into the right beaker. Activity 2: Simulating Dialysis 6. What happens to the urea concentration in the left beaker (the patient)? Its concentration gradient changes and causes it to move down. 7. Why does this occur
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the urea to pass through. The molecular weight of urea is 60.06 g/mol‚ over three times greater than the 20 MWCO. 3. Glucose was able to diffuse through the 200 MWCO pore because it was small enough‚ having a molecular weight of 180.2 g/mol. Albumin was unable to pass through because it was far too large‚ having a molecular
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situations) • Standard Concentrations: 10 mEq/50 mL‚ 10 mEq/100mL‚ 20 mEq/50 mL and 20 mEq/100 mL o Maximum Concentration for Central IV administration = 20 mEq/50 mL o Maximum Concentration for Peripheral IV administration = 10 mEq/50 mL |Current Serum Potassium Level |Central IV Administration |Peripheral IV Administration |Monitoring | |3.6 – 3.9 mEq/L |20 mEq IV over 2 HR x 1 |10 mEq IV over 1 HR x 2 |No additional action | |3
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is 60.07 . Do you think urea will diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? No‚ not at all ( Predict Ques. 1) 3/ Glucose is a six-carbon sugar. Albumin is a protein with 607 amino acids. The average molecular weight of a single amino acid is 135 g/mole. There is no reason to run these solutes at the 20 MWCO because : d. glucose and albumin are both too large to pass. 50 MWCO : Na+Cl- equilibrium at 10 min (9.00nM)
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worth of $4.9 billion. Dr. Cyrus S. Poonawalla has accumulated his fortune as the Chairman of Poonawalla‚ which is the world’s largest producer of vaccines. It produces more than one billion doses annually through an Indian bio-tech company called Serum Institute of India. The group saw an almost 50% jump in revenues last fiscal year on higher sales of specific vaccines that were used in Africa or were part of India’s immunization system. Most recently‚ it was the Poonawalla Group to launch an injectable
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DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS INTRODUCTION Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a very serious complication of diabetes mellitus‚ a metabolic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia‚ metabolic acidosis‚ and increased body ketone concentrations. The most common causes of DKA are infection and poor compliance with medication regimens. Other causes include undiagnosed diabetes‚ alcohol abuse‚ and a multitude of medical conditions such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA)‚ complicated pregnancy‚ myocardial
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Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. European Journal of Endocrinology 2014; 170: G1–G47. 6. Staikov I‚ Simeonova A‚ Mihnev N‚ Simeonov G‚ Davidov K and Kirova G. Central Pontine Myelinolysis in Patient with Normal Serum Sodium Levels‚ System Alcohol Use and Malnutrition- A Case Report. Austin J Clin Neurol 2015; 2(9): 1074. 7. Verbalis JG‚ Goldsmith SR‚ Greenberg A‚ Schrier RW and Sterns RH. Hyponatremia Treatment Guidelines 2007: Expert Panel Recommendations. Am
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