"Controllable costs are costs which can be influenced by the action of a specified member of an organization. For example‚ the foreman of a production department can control the utilization of power or raw materials in his department and these are‚ therefore‚ controllable costs as far as he is concerned. Uncontrollable costs are costs which cannot be influenced by the action of a specified member of an undertaking. For example‚ the foreman of a production department can control the wastage of
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didn’t the highly paid consultants of Monitor use Porter’s famous five-force analysis to save themselves? What went wrong? Was Monitor’s demise something that happened unexpectedly like a bolt from the blue? Well‚ not exactly. The death spiral has been going on for some time. In 2008‚ Monitor’s consulting work slowed dramatically during the financial crisis. In 2009‚ the firm’s partners had to advance $4.5 million to the company and pass on $20 million in bonuses. Then Monitor borrowed a
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lub Background Cost Club is a growing retailer‚ similar to Super Wal-Mart or Target. It provides discount merchandise and supermarket products in large stores located in many areas of the United States. Cost Club is administratively organized into regions‚ and each region is permitted to develop its own operational policies‚ as long as the bottom line of low cost and reasonable service to customers is maintained. There are many strong competitors to Cost Club‚ with some regions experiencing more
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Cost Benefit Analysis What is cost benefit analysis? Cost benefit analysis (COBA) is a technique for assessing the monetary social costs and benefits of a capital investment project over a given time period. The principles of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) are simple: 1. Appraisal of a project: It is an economic technique for project appraisal‚ widely used in business as well as government spending projects (for example should a business invest in a new information system) 2. Incorporates
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a transaction cost is a cost incurred in making an economic exchange. A number of different kinds of transaction costs exist. Search and information costs are costs such as those incurred in determining that the required good is available on the market‚ who has the lowest price‚ etc. Bargaining costs are the costs required to come to an acceptable agreement with the other party to the transaction‚ drawing up an appropriate contract‚ etc.. Policing and enforcement costs are the costs of making sure
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Apa sih opportunity cost? Untuk yang pernah belajar ekonomi pasti kenal baik dengan istilah ini‚ tapi buat yang lain‚ opportunity cost is : "...the cost of something in terms of an opportunity foregone (and the benefits that could be received from that opportunity)‚ or the most valuable foregone alternative." (Dictionary.LaborLawTalk.com) Kalau diterjemahkan adalah suatu biaya dari hilangnya suatu kesempatan dalam menggunakan sumber daya tertentu. Kalau kita melihat waktu sebagai sumber daya
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Medical Costs and the Impact on Us Professor Robert Hudson from the London School of Economics define the indifference curve as a graph showing different bundles of goods between which a consumer is indifferent. That is‚ at each point on the curve‚ the consumer has no preference for one bundle over another. One can equivalently refer to each point on the indifference curve as rendering the same level of utility (satisfaction) for the consumer. Utility is then a device to represent preferences
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Cost leadership Strategy Strategy used by businesses to create a low cost of operation within their niche. The use of this strategy is primarily to gain an advantage over competitors by reducing operation costs below that of others in the same industry. For example‚ The Swedish furniture retailer Ikea revolutionized the furniture industry by offering cheap but stylish furniture. Ikea is able to keep its prices low by sourcing its products in low-wage countries and by offering a very basic level
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the answer to the question is. A ball and bat cost $1.10. The bat costs $1 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost? If you’re like most people‚ your immediate answer was‚ "Ten cents." And you’d be wrong. Check it out. The bat costs $1 more than the ball. So if the ball costs ten cents‚ then the bat costs $1.10‚ and the total cost would be $1.20. That’s too much. We could try something lower. How about seven cents? Then the bat would cost $1.07‚ and the total would be $1.14. Closer
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Framework Zhang Yi Fei and Che Ruhana Isa becoming more and more popular [3-7] ABC aims to provide accurate costing information to managers to allocate activity costs to products and services by applying cost drivers [8]. Academics who advocate ABC‚ such as‚ Cooper and Kaplan [9]‚ and Swenson [10] argue that it provides more accurate cost data needed to make appropriate strategic decisions about product mix‚ sourcing‚ pricing‚ process improvement‚ and evaluation of business process performance. These
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