The old cargo ships that Columbus and his crew traveled in were relatively slow. Potts stated in the article that the ships‚ also called carracks‚ went about 6.5 knots (or 7 mph). The fact that these ships relied solely on the wind meant that some days the ships did not even travel at the average speed. If Columbus had a ship with engines instead of the sailing ships then the trip would have been much shorter. The average cargo ship today travels at about 23 knots when loaded
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SKMO 3713 SHIP AND OFFSHORE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY TITLE: PRODUCTION PROCESS OF VERY LARGE CRUDE CARRIER (VLCC) TEAM MEMBERS: MUHAMMAD AZAM AZRAEI BIN ABDUL HALIM (A12KM0163) MUHAMMAD AMIRUL ARSYAD BIN KHASIRAT (A12KM0243) MUHAMMAD AZINUDDIN B OTHMAN ARIFF (A12KM0164) MUHAMMAD HAFIDZ BIN REDZUAN (A12KM0165) MUHAMMAD HAKIMI BIN ZULKEPLI (A12KM0166) MOHAMAD AZAM BIN MOHD AZMI (A12KM0157) PREPARED FOR: DR. JASWAR KOTO ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all‚ we would like to
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Port State Control is a waste of a State’s Resources- Discuss for or against Port State Control (PSC) as defined by wikipedia.com is the inspection of foreign ships in other national ports by PSC officers (inspectors) for the purpose of verifying that the competency of the master and officers onboard‚ the condition of a ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international conventions (e.g. SOLAS‚ MARPOL‚ STCW‚ etc.) and that the vessel is manned and operated in compliance with
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immunities‚ also whether the cargo was in good condition or not‚ the quantity or units of the consignment was not declared by the claimant before the cargo was loaded and have not been described on the bill of lading. In that case the carrier or the ship should not become liable for any loss or damage in connection with the consignment if the amount exceeding the equivalent of 10‚000 francs per package or unit 30 francs per kilo of gross weight of the goods lost or damaged‚ whichever
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though some writers opine that it was in 3000 BC (not in the present form) when the Chinese merchants were dispersing their shipments along with several vessels with a view to minimize the damage to the shipments. Then a time came when the insurance of ships and cargo came in the form of bottomry that was essentially a monetary protection in the case the cargo is lost at sea or damaged. Then‚ the Danish sometime in 1132 started reimbursement of the loss occurring at sea. When Italian merchant came to England
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Roles and Responsibilities of the Pilot and the Master The compulsory state pilot directs the navigation of the ship‚ subject to the master’s overall command of the ship and the ultimate responsibility for its safety. The master has the right‚ and in fact the duty‚ to intervene or displace the pilot in circumstances where the pilot is manifestly incompetent or incapacitated or the ship is in immediate danger (“in extremis”) due to the pilot’s actions. With that limited exception‚ international law
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8- How long have you been a marine engineer? Answer: 8 years 9-How much time do you spend on ships? Answer: That depends on the company or the type of work. Generally‚ as an officer‚ you get one day off the ship for everyday worked. Right now i work 14 weeks away working on a ship‚ then I go home for 14 weeks. 10- Do you design new equipment for ships? Answer: Currently no. I work on a cruise ship on the operational side of things‚ so just maintaining the machine is a big enough job. We always
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increased to 12 days per year for ships operating for more than 5 years. • For ships operating for more than 10 years the repair and maintenance days increased to 16 day per year. Operating Policies • Ocean Carriers didn’t operate ships which were more than 15 years old. • As per international maritime regulations they underwent special surveys every 5 years for seaworthiness of the carriers. • As per the norms maintenance costs of ships older than 15 years was too high.
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Working with a company called Ocean Rig there was very few issues with Pirates. However most recently on October 5th‚ seven Tanzanian pirates attempted to board a ship that Ocean Rig owns and has currently on its maiden voyage (first voyage out at sea) named‚ the Ocean Rig Poseidon. Tanzanian pirates fired on the ship with automatic rifles but they were soon thwarted by the Tanzanian navy and armed guards on the Ocean Rig Poseidon. How has the strategy of pirates changed over time? With
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hire rates are determined according to supply and demand of the shipping capacity. According to the article‚ the supply of ships available equals the number of ships currently in the fleet plus any new ships added‚ minus any scrapings and sinking. According to Exhibit 2‚ there are a limited number of ships older than 24 years which are likely to be scraped. For those ships under the age group from 15 to 19‚ they will continue to provide supply and are not likely to be scrapped because a lot of them
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