STK 1084 Inorganic Chemistry I‚ LU 3 Oxidation – Reduction Reactions‚ Prepared By: Dr. Tay Meng Guan‚ Faculty of Resource Science and Technology‚ Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. LU 3 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 3.1 Ideas of Oxidation and Reduction Oxidation of an atom can be occurred in the following conditions: 1. Losing an electron from the orbitals. e.g.: A A+ + e- 2. Adding an electronegative element (e.g.: F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ O) to a molecule. e.g.: A + F AF 3. Losing hydrogen
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situation affecting an individual‚ group‚ community‚ or whole society. Management often requires decisions to be made within a short timeframe & often an event has already taken place. Generally‚ impact of a crisis situation is localized requiring immediate attention. Crisis situation may lead to a disaster if not managed appropriately. Hazard A dangerous phenomenon‚ substance‚ human activity or condition that may cause loss of life‚ injury or other health impacts‚ property damage‚ loss of livelihoods
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Unemployed individuals The American budget deficit is a deterrent for employment and economic growth. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (2014)‚ the unemployment rate is at 5.8% as of November 2014.Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 321‚000 in November. Moreover‚ the unemployment rate was unmoved at 5.8 %. Gains of new jobs were widespread‚ which was led by growth in business services‚ retail‚ health care etc. The number of unemployed persons had little change at 9.1 million dollars
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Background on Greece’s Debt Crisis “You cannot spend more than (what) you earn…you should not borrow more than (what) you can afford.” This‚ according to an editorial published by the Greek newspaper Kathimerini‚ may be the lesson Greeks are now learning the hard way.1 Unrestrained spending of successive Greek governments over a long period may have driven the country’s budget and current account deficits.2 Greece borrowed heavily from international capital markets to finance public sector jobs‚ pensions
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from a democratic deficit? If so‚ can it be solved by conferring greater powers on the European parliament? ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- The ‘standard version’ of the democratic deficit formulated by Weiler‚ consisting of the increased role of the executive Commission in matters of legislation‚ the weakness of the European Parliament (hereafter the EP)‚ the lack of ‘European’ elections‚ EU distance to public scrutiny and voters
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write that explains about deficits and its effects on economics in his article‚ ‘Not All Deficits Are Created Equal’. There are several issues and some are critical such as he tells that ballooning federal deficit may harm the U.S. economy. Tatom analyses that the budget deficits are lower than national savings rate while its major reason is increasing high interest rates. This analysis have two faults‚ first is raising high deficit interest rates and second is source of deficit influence on economy
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Benzil Reduction Introduction The objective of the experiment was to reduce Benzil‚ using sodium borohyride as the reducing agent. In a benzil reduction‚ there are five possible products than can occur‚ specifically a racemic mixture of benzoin‚ racemic mixture of hydrobenzoin‚ or meso-hydrobenzoin. Therefore‚ three different tests were conducted in determining the identity of the product: melting point‚ thin light chromatography‚ and infrared spectroscopy. (a) Mechanism and reaction equation
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The Philippines 2013 Budget is the national government’s blueprint of expenditures and sources of financing for the present year. It spells out the costs of government’s plans and operations for the entire fiscal year. More than that‚ however‚ crafted by a government that firmly believes that its sole purpose is to serve its true bosses the Filipino people this budget is the embodiment of our people’s collective hopes and desires. According to the present president Benigno Aquino III‚ as we move
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useful and educational knowledge which can be found in the cyberspace‚ there are also many other sources of information which are considered harmful‚ corrupting and degenerative‚ especially to a younger audience. In different parts of the world‚ governments react differently to this new invention. While in more democratic countries full access and almost no restrictions are introduced‚ in other communist and dictatorship countries it is completely banned or fully supervised by the national authorities
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Master Circular on Priority Sector Lending (Updated upto 30 June‚ 2004) (The Master Circular is also available at RBI Website www.rbi.org.in and may be downloaded from there) RESERVE BANK OF INDIA Urban Banks Department Central Office‚ Mumbai RBI/2004/ 12 BPD(PCB)MC. No. 1 /09.09.01/2004-05 July 2‚ 2004 Chief Executive Officers of All Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks Dear Sir‚
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