Ebonee Plummer HIS 101 Dr. Kevin Greene November 21‚ 2013 8.4 Fulcher of Chartres‚ “Pope Urban II’s Speech at Clermont” As the crusades began‚ Christians gathered to hear the insightful speech given by Pope Urban II in which he was able take unruly knights and give them a common enemy to fight. The enemies were the Muslims and Turks who were attacking the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Land. Urban II’s speech gave insights to the knightly class who were engaging in warlike tendencies and encouraged
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The Crusades were a series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Western Christian Europe‚ particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years‚ between 1095 and 1291. There are several reasons for the Crusades‚ but the importance and relevance of some are debated by scholars even to this day. (NEW PARAGRAPH) In the Middle Ages‚ Christians considered
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Gauss-Jordan Elimination A method of solving a linear system of equations. This is done by transforming the system’s augmented matrix into reduced row-echelon form by means of row operations. Gaussian Elimination A method of solving a linear system of equations. This is done by transforming the system’s augmented matrix into row-echelon form by means of row operations. Then the system is solved by back-substitution. Palestine: History Introduction Palestine stands alone among the Roman
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The Problems with Reconstructing the Events that Took Place at Masada Samantha Taylor Through a number of sources including Flavius Josephus‚ archaeological evidence‚ and modern historian Nachmann ben Yehuda1‚ we have gained a sufficient amount of information on the events which took place at Masada‚ however many problems in reconstructing these events have arisen. Problems with Josephus’ account include that he had a one sided view of the Romans‚ he was not an eyewitness‚ and the how his event conflicts
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was a long list of Davidic Kings‚ including David‚ Solomon‚ and Hezekiah. The final Davidic King was Zedekiah‚ who ruled up until the Babylonians took over Israel. The Babylonians brutally executed Zedekiah and started the exile after a two year siege. (Jeremiah 52) Although the Davidic line remained important‚ the end of the exile led to the acceptance of a foreign ruler: King Cyrus of Persia. Isaiah shows that King Cyrus was accepted because words that were previously used only for Israelite
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the Christians were successful in the First Crusade in establishing the Kingdom of Jerusalem‚ as Jonathan Riley argues this was particularly because the crusaders faced little opposition from the Muslims. Consequently‚ with the rise of the emir of Mousl and Alepp‚ Imad ad-Din Zengi‚ who called for a jihad against the crusaders resulted in the fall of Edessa in 1144 and the defeat of the crusaders after the siege of Damascus in 1148. Riley regarded that the Second Crusade altered into a wider movement
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is greedy for wealth.” The first account by a priest is clearly colored toward the Crusaders and had several references to God being with the men. The most troubling story is listed at the end of the account of the battle with the Saracens for Jerusalem. Thousands fled to the temple and no one was spared beheading not even women or children. The blood was so deep on the floor of the temple that it would have stained your feet up to the
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How Barbaric were the Mongols The Mongols were very barbaric‚ their reputation was not pretty‚ they slaughtered entire cities and left one person alive so they could tell the terrible story. North China Genghis Khan’s first serious target was North China‚ their army of 200‚000 rode east. Numerous cities felt Mongol brutality. Slaughter was so great‚ streets were greasy of human fat and flesh. Russia and Eastern Europe In 1227 Genghis Khan died‚ so one of his four sons took over. After a long
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king in his place‚ and changed his name to Zedekiah." The appointment of Zedekiah as king over Judah mentioned in the preceding passage has also been found in records from Babylon known as the Babylonian Chronicles. The tablet records that after Jerusalem was captured by Nebuchadnezzar in March of 597 B.C.‚ “He installed a king of his own choosing.” (Zedekiah) The second Elnathan found in the Bible is Elnathan son of Achbor‚ who was a prince in king Jehoiakim’s household. He is mentioned in Jeremiah
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Egyptians by the Crusaders 88 years earlier. Though the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem would continue to exist for a period‚ its defeat at Hattin marked a turning point in its conflict with the Muslims and Arabs. As such‚ Saladin is a prominent figure in Kurdish‚ Arab‚ and Muslim culture. Saladin was a strict adherent of Sunni Islam[5] His chivalrous behavior was noted by Christian chroniclers‚ especially in the accounts of the Siege of Kerak‚ and despite being the nemesis of the Crusaders‚ he won the respect
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